The client who is diagnosed with a seizure disorder is prescribed a ketogenic diet.
The nurse knows that the client understands the teaching when they state:

My diet will include more unsaturated fats and low carbohydrates.

My diet will include increased amounts of carbohydrates and protein.

My diet will include moderate amounts of protein and omega-3 oils.

My diet will include foods rich in sodium and carbohydrates.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

A ketogenic diet includes high fats, moderate protein, and low carbohydrates, with unsaturated fats emphasized for health. This metabolic state reduces seizure frequency by enhancing ketone production as an alternative energy source for the brain.

Choice B rationale

Increasing carbohydrates disrupts ketosis, the fundamental principle of the ketogenic diet. This would counteract the therapeutic goal of reducing seizure activity by providing glucose as a primary brain fuel instead of ketones.

Choice C rationale

While omega-3 oils support brain health, the ketogenic diet focuses on low carbohydrate intake and high fat. Moderate protein intake is essential, but excess omega-3 emphasis neglects the diet’s structure.

Choice D rationale

Foods high in sodium and carbohydrates contradict the ketogenic diet's principles. Elevated carbohydrate intake halts ketosis, while excess sodium intake is unrelated to ketogenic mechanisms or seizure management.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Administering 40 ounces of fruit juice would result in excessive carbohydrate intake and is inappropriate for treating hypoglycemia. Standard treatment includes 15 grams of carbohydrates or intravenous glucose for severe symptoms.

Choice B rationale

Hard candy provides 15 grams of carbohydrates, suitable for a patient who is alert and able to safely swallow. However, this client exhibits confusion and lethargy, necessitating a quicker, safer IV intervention.

Choice C rationale

Administering Dextrose 50% IV push rapidly raises blood glucose levels, effectively treating hypoglycemia in symptomatic, confused, or unconscious patients. This intervention bypasses the gastrointestinal tract for immediate action.

Choice D rationale

Rechecking glucose after 15 minutes is essential after treatment but does not address acute hypoglycemia. Delaying treatment risks prolonged hypoglycemia, increasing the risk of neuronal injury or further clinical deterioration. .

A. Establish IV access and bolus 250 mL of normal saline. B. Reschedule the therapy session for later in the day. C. Lower the head of the bed and obtain vital signs. D. Assess for bladder distention and perform digital disimpaction.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

IV fluid bolus may address hypotension but is not the first priority. Symptoms of dizziness and diaphoresis in a spinal cord injury patient suggest autonomic dysreflexia or orthostatic hypotension requiring positional changes first.

Choice B rationale

Rescheduling therapy does not address the acute symptoms the patient is experiencing. Immediate action to manage dizziness and diaphoresis, such as altering body position, is required to stabilize the patient.

Choice C rationale

Lowering the head of the bed counters orthostatic hypotension, a common issue in spinal cord injury patients. Obtaining vital signs identifies the underlying cause and guides further interventions.

Choice D rationale

Bladder distention can trigger autonomic dysreflexia, but without evidence of urinary retention, prioritizing positional adjustments is more urgent to alleviate symptoms of dizziness and stabilize hemodynamics.

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The client who is diagnosed with a seizure disorder is prescribed a ketogenic diet.The nurse knows that the client understands the teaching when they state:

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Correct Answer is C

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Explanation

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The client who is diagnosed with a seizure disorder is prescribed a ketogenic diet.
The nurse knows that the client understands the teaching when they state: