The clinic nurse is reviewing the client's symptoms which include hair loss, feeling tired, always being very cold, and having constipation. Which of the following complications may arise if the patient does not receive treatment?
Myxedema
Hypocalcemia
Pericarditis
Thyroid crisis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Untreated hypothyroidism progresses to myxedema, a severe state with slowed metabolism causing fatigue, cold intolerance, constipation, and hair loss from low thyroid hormone.
Choice B reason: Hypocalcemia results from hypoparathyroidism, not hypothyroidism, which affects metabolism, not calcium regulation directly, so it’s unrelated to these symptoms.
Choice C reason: Pericarditis may occur in severe hypothyroidism late, but it’s not the primary complication; myxedema encompasses the broader metabolic decline seen here.
Choice D reason: Thyroid crisis (storm) is a hyperthyroid emergency with fever and tachycardia, opposite to hypothyroidism’s slow symptoms like coldness and fatigue.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Prednisolone reduces inflammation and thyroid hormone production in thyroid storm, stabilizing metabolism, a standard adjunct, so this order is appropriate.
Choice B reason: Aspirin displaces thyroid hormone from proteins, worsening hyperthyroidism in thyroid storm, risking increased T3/T4 effects, so it’s contraindicated and questionable.
Choice C reason: Diazepam controls agitation and seizures in thyroid storm’s hypermetabolic state, calming the nervous system, making it a suitable order here.
Choice D reason: Metoprolol blocks beta-adrenergic effects, slowing heart rate in thyroid storm’s tachycardia, a critical intervention, so this order is clinically sound.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Donepezil treats Alzheimer’s by inhibiting cholinesterase, boosting acetylcholine for cognition. Lupus, an autoimmune disease, doesn’t involve dementia primarily, so this drug lacks relevance to its management.
Choice B reason: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, suppresses inflammation and immune response in lupus, reducing joint pain and organ damage from autoantibody activity, making it a standard treatment.
Choice C reason: Hydroxychloroquine modulates immunity and reduces lupus flares by stabilizing lysosomes and decreasing autoantibody production, directly addressing its autoimmune pathology.
Choice D reason: Methotrexate, an immunosuppressant, inhibits folate metabolism, curbing immune cell proliferation in lupus, effectively managing severe symptoms like arthritis or organ involvement.
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