The healthcare provider orders Benadryl 40 mg IM now. The available concentration is 25 mg/mL. How many mL will the patient receive?
0.6 mL
1.6 mL
2 mL
1 mL
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: For 40 mg at 25 mg/mL: 40 ÷ 25 = 1.6 mL. Choice A (0.6 mL) delivers 15 mg (0.6 × 25), underdosing Benadryl, which could fail to relieve allergic symptoms or sedation needs, making this choice incorrect for the prescribed dose.
Choice B reason: Calculating 40 mg ÷ 25 mg/mL = 1.6 mL accurately delivers the ordered 40 mg of Benadryl (diphenhydramine) for allergy or sedation. This ensures therapeutic efficacy without overdose, aligning with safe administration for intramuscular delivery, making this the correct choice.
Choice C reason: For 40 mg, the volume is 40 ÷ 25 = 1.6 mL. Choice C (2 mL) delivers 50 mg (2 × 25), overdosing Benadryl, risking excessive sedation or anticholinergic effects like dry mouth or confusion, making this choice incorrect and potentially unsafe.
Choice D reason: The correct volume is 1.6 mL (40 ÷ 25). Choice D (1 mL) delivers 25 mg (1 × 25), underdosing Benadryl, which may not achieve therapeutic effects for allergies or sedation, making this choice inadequate for the prescribed dose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Morphine, an opioid, binds to mu, kappa, and delta receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and gastrointestinal tract. Mu receptors in the gut slow peristalsis, causing constipation, while central receptors relieve pain. This multi-receptor binding explains both therapeutic and side effects, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Constipation from morphine occurs at therapeutic, not just toxic, doses due to mu receptor activation in the gastrointestinal tract, which reduces motility. Toxicity may worsen side effects, but constipation is a common effect at standard doses, making this choice inaccurate for explaining morphine’s mechanism.
Choice C reason: Morphine’s receptors (e.g., mu) regulate multiple processes, but the drug itself isn’t selective to multifunctional receptors. It binds broadly to opioid receptors, causing both analgesia and side effects like constipation. This choice misrepresents morphine’s non-selective binding, making it less accurate than choice A.
Choice D reason: Morphine’s effects, including analgesia and constipation, result from specific receptor binding, not coincidental processes. It activates opioid receptors in the brain for pain relief and in the gut for reduced motility. This choice incorrectly suggests constipation is unrelated to morphine’s pharmacological action, making it incorrect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Renal artery ligation stenosis is affected by beta-blockers’ renin reduction, but asthma’s bronchoconstriction risk is more immediate. Respiratory effects are critical, so this is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Nonselective beta-blockers can cause bronchospasm in asthma by blocking beta-2 receptors. This is a major concern, making it the correct disease to prioritize.
Choice C reason: Diabetes mellitus may mask hypoglycemia with beta-blockers, but asthma’s acute airway risk is more severe. Respiratory issues take precedence, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Coronary artery disease benefits from beta-blockers’ cardiac effects. Asthma’s bronchoconstriction risk is more concerning, so this is incorrect for the primary concern.
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