The nurse explains to the patient who has pneumococcal pneumonia that the lungs serve as the:

Organisms that cause the infection.

Transmission of the disease.

Mode of transfer.

Reservoir.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Organisms that cause the infection refer to the pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi. In the context of pneumococcal pneumonia, the organism is Streptococcus pneumoniae. The lungs do not serve as the organisms; they are the site of infection.

Choice B rationale

Transmission of the disease involves the spread of pathogens from one individual to another. Pneumococcal pneumonia is transmitted via respiratory droplets, not the lungs serving as the transmission medium.

Choice C rationale

Mode of transfer refers to the mechanisms by which an infection spreads, such as direct contact, airborne, or vector-borne. The lungs are not a mode of transfer; they are the site of infection.

Choice D rationale

Reservoirs are places where pathogens live, grow, and multiply. In the case of pneumococcal pneumonia, the lungs act as a reservoir where the bacteria can grow and cause infection.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A 45-year-old in traction for a fractured femur is at risk for infection due to immobility and potential surgical wounds, but not as high as someone with a Foley catheter.

Choice B rationale

A 56-year-old with pneumonia receiving oxygen is at risk for respiratory infections, but the presence of a Foley catheter significantly increases the risk of healthcare-associated infections.

Choice C rationale

A 70-year-old with congestive heart failure attached to a monitor has a risk of infection due to potential breaks in skin integrity, but not as high as someone with a Foley catheter.

Choice D rationale

A 65-year-old with a Foley catheter is at the highest risk for health care-associated infections because the catheter provides a direct pathway for pathogens into the urinary tract, increasing infection risk.

A. The baby should receive immune globulin to protect him from the infection. B. The infant is at risk because the baby has not been immunized against the disease. C. Both infant and mother are at risk because the mother's immunity was acquired too long ago to be effective. D. Neither are at risk, because the mother has naturally acquired immunity, and she passes antibodies to the baby through the breast milk.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While immune globulin can be given to non-immune individuals exposed to chickenpox, the baby already has some protection because the mother has naturally acquired immunity. Hence, giving immune globulin is not necessary in this case.

Choice B rationale

Although the infant has not been immunized against chickenpox, the baby still receives passive immunity through the mother's breast milk. The antibodies transferred via breastfeeding provide some level of protection to the baby.

Choice C rationale

The mother's immunity against chickenpox, acquired from a past infection, remains effective throughout her life. This immunity is transferred to the baby through the placenta during pregnancy and continues through breastfeeding, providing protection to the infant.

Choice D rationale

The mother’s naturally acquired immunity from her childhood infection provides antibodies against chickenpox that she passes on to the baby through the breast milk. This passive immunity helps protect the baby from the infection.

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The nurse explains to the patient who has pneumococcal pneumonia that the lungs serve as the:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is aware that the patient most at risk for a health care-associated infection (HAI) would be the:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A mother and her 2-week-old infant, who is breastfed, have been exposed to chicken pox. Although the mother had chicken pox as a child, she is concerned about her baby. The nurse explains:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse explains that the immunizations against hepatitis B will:

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The nurse explains to the patient who has pneumococcal pneumonia that the lungs serve as the:

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