The nurse is caring for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What health education will the nurse teach the patient to prevent flares and complications of this condition?

Increase vitamin D levels with regular sun exposure.

Utilize an evidence-based smoking cessation program.

Eliminate all gluten, dairy, and seed oils from the diet.

Avoid receiving the influenza, COVID, and shingles vaccine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Increasing vitamin D levels with regular sun exposure may be beneficial for overall health but is not specifically targeted at preventing flares and complications of SLE. SLE patients are often advised to avoid excessive sun exposure as it can trigger flares and exacerbate symptoms.

Choice B reason: Utilizing an evidence-based smoking cessation program is important for SLE patients, as smoking can worsen the symptoms and complications associated with the disease. Smoking has been linked to increased disease activity, higher risk of cardiovascular complications, and reduced effectiveness of certain medications in SLE patients. Quitting smoking can improve overall health outcomes and reduce the risk of flares and complications.

Choice C reason: Eliminating all gluten, dairy, and seed oils from the diet is not universally recommended for SLE patients. While some patients may have specific dietary triggers or intolerances, there is no broad evidence suggesting that such eliminations are necessary for all SLE patients. A balanced, nutritious diet tailored to the individual's needs is more appropriate.

Choice D reason: Avoiding the influenza, COVID, and shingles vaccines is not recommended for SLE patients. In fact, vaccinations can help prevent infections that could trigger SLE flares or complications. It is important for SLE patients to discuss their vaccination schedule with their healthcare provider to ensure they are appropriately protected.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Notifying the blood bank of the suspected transfusion reaction is important, but maintaining the IV access with normal saline infusion takes priority to ensure that the patient remains stable and to prevent any further complications.

Choice B reason: Maintaining IV access with normal saline infusion is the first priority. This action helps to keep the vein open, provide fluids, and flush out any remaining blood product from the IV line, reducing the risk of further reaction.

Choice C reason: Facilitating the transfer of the patient to the critical care unit may be necessary if the patient's condition worsens, but it is not the immediate first step.

Choice D reason: Rechecking identification labels and numbers is important to confirm the correct blood product was given, but it comes after ensuring the patient’s stability by maintaining IV access with saline.

A. Arterial pH less than 7.3 B. Altered mental status C. Presence of ketones in urine D. Serum bicarbonate less than 15 mEq/L

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: An arterial pH less than 7.3 indicates acidosis, which is common in diabetic ketoacidosis but not typical in hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Patients with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome typically have a near-normal pH.

Choice B reason: Altered mental status is a significant clinical manifestation in hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome due to severe hyperglycemia and the hyperosmolar state, which can lead to dehydration and impaired brain function.

Choice C reason: The presence of ketones in urine is more commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis rather than hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. The absence of significant ketonemia differentiates hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome from diabetic ketoacidosis.

Choice D reason: Serum bicarbonate less than 15 mEq/L is indicative of metabolic acidosis, typically seen in diabetic ketoacidosis rather than hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome, where bicarbonate levels are usually normal or slightly decreased.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What health education will the nurse teach the patient to prevent flares and complications of this condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse assesses a patient 20 minutes after initiating a blood transfusion. The patient has itching and chills. The nurse immediately turns off the transfusion and disconnects the tubing at the catheter hub. What intervention will the nurse prioritize to implement first for this patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient with type 2 diabetes who has been diagnosed with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. What clinical manifestation will the nurse expect to find in this patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. The patient is receiving intravenous fluids of normal saline with 20 mEq of potassium chloride and a continuous insulin infusion. Which finding will indicate to the nurse that the treatment is effective?

The nurse is caring for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What health education will the nurse teach the patient to prevent flares and complications of this condition?

The nurse is admitting an older adult with heart failure to the cardiac unit. The nurse notes dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, and 3+ pitting edema in the ankles. What priority actions will the nurse implement for this patient?

The nurse is caring for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What clinical manifestations will the nurse anticipate the patient to present? (Select All That Apply)

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The nurse is providing discharge education to a patient with iron deficiency anemia. The patient has been prescribed to take an oral iron supplement. What will the nurse include in the teaching for this patient? (Select All That Apply)

The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who is receiving lisinopril twice a day. What intervention will the nurse implement when administering this medication?