The nurse is educating a group of people newly diagnosed with migraine headaches. What information should the nurse include in the educational session?

Choice A rationale

Onychocryptosis, also known as an ingrown toenail, is a condition where the edge of the toenail grows into the surrounding skin. This can cause pain, swelling, and sometimes infection. It is not related to a dermatophyte infection, which is a fungal infection affecting the toenail.

Choice B rationale

Pediculosis refers to an infestation of lice, which are small parasitic insects that feed on human blood. It typically affects areas like the scalp, body, and pubic region but not the toenails. Pediculosis is not related to fungal infections.

Choice C rationale

Tinea pedis, commonly known as athlete's foot, is a fungal infection that primarily affects the skin on the feet, particularly between the toes. While it is a dermatophyte infection, it does not specifically affect the toenails.

Choice D rationale

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails. It is caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, or nondermatophyte molds. The infection leads to thickened, brittle, and discolored nails, which accurately describes a dermatophyte infection of the toenail.

Choice A rationale

Swallowing involves the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves, not the trigeminal nerve. Thus, trigeminal neuralgia does not typically affect swallowing.

Choice B rationale

Smelling involves the olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I), not the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). Therefore, trigeminal neuralgia does not affect the sense of smell.

Choice C rationale

Trigeminal neuralgia involves the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing. Therefore, chewing can be significantly affected.

Choice D rationale

Tasting involves the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) and glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX), not the trigeminal nerve. Thus, trigeminal neuralgia does not typically affect taste.