The nurse is preparing a smoking cessation class for family members of patients with lung cancer. The nurse believes that the class will convert many smokers to nonsmokers once they realize the benefits of not smoking, Which health care model is the nurse following?
Health promotion model
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Health belief model
Holistic health model
The Correct Answer is C
A) Health promotion model: The health promotion model focuses on enhancing well-being and preventing illness through behaviors that encourage healthy lifestyles. While this model involves teaching and empowering individuals to make healthy choices, it doesn’t specifically focus on an individual’s belief about the perceived risks and benefits, as in the case of smoking cessation. Therefore, this model is not the primary one being applied in this scenario.
B) Maslow's hierarchy of needs: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory that suggests people are driven by a series of hierarchical needs, ranging from basic physiological needs to self-actualization. While the model addresses human needs at different levels, it doesn’t directly explain why the nurse believes the smokers will quit after learning about the benefits of smoking cessation. This model does not focus on the health behaviors related to smoking cessation in particular.
C) Health belief model: The health belief model explains health behaviors based on an individual's perceptions of the severity of a health issue, the perceived benefits of taking action, and the perceived barriers to action. In this case, the nurse is preparing a class based on the assumption that smokers will quit once they realize the benefits of not smoking, which aligns with the key concepts of the health belief model. This model emphasizes the importance of perception in motivating individuals to change unhealthy behaviors.
D) Holistic health model: The holistic health model views the individual as a whole, considering physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects of health. While this model might inform a broader approach to health and wellness, it does not specifically focus on the educational process of changing health behaviors, such as quitting smoking. Therefore, it is not the most appropriate model for this scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
A) Emptying a urinary drainage bag for a client who has pneumonia:
Wearing protective eye equipment is not necessary for emptying a urinary drainage bag. Standard precautions for handling bodily fluids would apply, but there is no expected risk for splashes to the eyes when performing this task. Gloves and hand hygiene are essential, but eye protection is not typically required.
B) Suctioning a client's new tracheostomy tube:
When suctioning a client's tracheostomy tube, there is a significant risk of splashing or spraying bodily fluids, including mucus, that may contain infectious particles. Wearing protective eye equipment is necessary to prevent potential contamination of the eyes from bodily fluids during this procedure. This is a high-risk task for exposure.
C) Irrigating a client's abdominal wound:
Irrigating an abdominal wound carries a risk of splashing bodily fluids, particularly when fluids are under pressure or if the wound is large. To avoid exposure to infectious material, the nurse should wear protective eye equipment to prevent any risk of fluids coming into contact with the eyes.
D) Providing hygiene care to a client who is HIV-positive:
Providing hygiene care to a client who is HIV-positive does not pose a significant risk to the nurse’s eyes, as HIV is transmitted through blood and certain body fluids under specific conditions. While gloves and other precautions are necessary, protective eye equipment is not required for standard hygiene care unless there is a specific risk of splashing.
E) Transporting a cerebrospinal fluid specimen to the laboratory:
When transporting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the primary concern is ensuring the specimen is properly contained to prevent leaks or spills. While gloves should be worn to handle the specimen, there is no direct risk of exposure to the eyes unless there is a spill. In such a case, the nurse would need to protect their eyes, but wearing protective eyewear during transport is not routinely required.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus: While diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, it is not directly modifiable. Management and control of diabetes through lifestyle changes and medication can reduce the risk, but the diagnosis itself cannot be altered.
B) Family history of cardiac disease: Genetic predisposition to cardiac disease is a non-modifiable risk factor. Individuals cannot change their family history, but they can take steps to mitigate the risk through healthy lifestyle choices.
C) Increasing age: Age is a natural risk factor that cannot be changed. As people age, the risk of cardiovascular disease increases. While this is an important consideration, it is not something that can be modified through lifestyle changes.
D) Cigarette smoking: Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease and improve overall health. Smoking cessation programs, education, and support can help individuals make this important lifestyle change.
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