The nurse is providing education about the levels of prevention in the Public Health Model to a group of clients. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of secondary prevention?
Promoting rehabilitation directed toward achievement of each individual's maximum level of functioning.
Services aimed at reducing the residual defects that are associated with severe and persistent mental illness.
Services aimed at reducing the incidence of mental disorders within the population.
Interventions aimed at minimizing early symptoms of psychiatric illness and directed toward reducing the prevalence and duration of the illness.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Promoting rehabilitation directed toward achievement of each individual's maximum level of functioning: This describes tertiary prevention, which focuses on reducing the impact of an ongoing illness that has lasting effects by helping people manage long-term, complex health problems.
B. Services aimed at reducing the residual defects that are associated with severe and persistent mental illness: This is also an aspect of tertiary prevention, which involves managing chronic conditions to prevent further deterioration.
C. Services aimed at reducing the incidence of mental disorders within the population: This describes primary prevention, which involves efforts to prevent the onset of illness before it occurs, typically through community health initiatives and education.
D. Interventions aimed at minimizing early symptoms of psychiatric illness and directed toward reducing the prevalence and duration of the illness: This correctly defines secondary prevention, which involves early detection and treatment of disease to halt progression and reduce the severity and duration of the condition.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Requiring frequent reassurance from others: This is more characteristic of dependent personality disorder, where individuals seek constant reassurance.
B. Inflated sense of self: This is a trait of narcissistic personality disorder, not paranoid personality disorder.
C. Lack of feelings of remorse: This is typical of antisocial personality disorder.
D. Suspiciousness of others: Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by pervasive distrust and suspicion of others, interpreting their motives as malevolent.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Echolalia: Echolalia, the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others, is a common characteristic of autism spectrum disorder. It can be part of the individual’s attempt to communicate or self-stimulate and may be indicative of difficulties in expressive language development.
B. Ambivalence: Ambivalence, the state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone, is more commonly associated with conditions like schizophrenia, not ASD.
C. Expressive affect: Individuals with ASD often have difficulties with expressive affect, meaning they may show limited emotional expression, which contrasts with the term "expressive affect" suggesting full emotional expression.
D. Associative looseness: Associative looseness, a symptom where a person’s thoughts are disconnected and fragmented, is more characteristic of schizophrenia than ASD.
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