The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with HIV about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level.

HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen.

The medications can decrease acquired AIDS related complications.

Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Answer: D. Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus.

Rationale:

A. The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level:
This statement reflects an accurate understanding of antiretroviral therapy. Effective treatment can reduce the viral load to undetectable levels, which is a key goal of HIV treatment, allowing individuals to live healthier lives and reducing the risk of transmitting the virus to others.

B. HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen:
This statement is also accurate. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively manages HIV infection but does not cure it. Patients need to remain on medication for life to control the virus and maintain their health.

C. The medications can decrease acquired AIDS-related complications:
This statement is correct as well. Antiretroviral medications can help manage HIV and prevent the progression to AIDS, thereby reducing the likelihood of complications associated with AIDS, such as opportunistic infections.

D. Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus:
This statement requires additional instruction because, while effective antiretroviral therapy can significantly reduce the risk of transmission, it does not entirely prevent it. Patients with an undetectable viral load have a greatly reduced risk of transmitting HIV to sexual partners (often summarized as "U=U" or "Undetectable = Untransmittable"), but it is crucial to understand that there is still a small risk involved. Therefore, additional education is necessary to clarify the need for continued safe practices, such as using condoms, even when on effective therapy.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["1.7"]

Explanation

To find out how many mL the nurse should administer:

We can set up a proportion to solve for the unknown.

Given:

The prescription is for 1,000,000 units of penicillin G.

The available medication is 1,200,000 units/2 mL.

We can set up the proportion as follows:

1,000,000units/ xmL = 1,200,000units/2mL

Solving for x gives us the volume in mL that the nurse should administer.

Cross-multiplying and solving for x:

X = 1,000,000units×2mL/1,200,000units

After performing the calculation, we find that x equals 1.67 mL.

So, the nurse should administer 1.7 mL (rounded to the nearest tenth) of the medication.

A. Stop the oral contraceptive immediately. B. Use an additional form of contraception. C. Take the medications at least 12 hours apart. D. Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Stop the oral contraceptive immediately:
This instruction is incorrect and potentially dangerous. Abruptly stopping oral contraceptives can lead to unintended pregnancy and disrupt the client's menstrual cycle. It's essential for the client to continue taking their oral contraceptive unless instructed otherwise by their healthcare provider.

B) Use an additional form of contraception:
This is the correct action. Erythromycin is an antibiotic that can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives by altering the gut flora and potentially interfering with their absorption. Therefore, it is recommended to use an additional form of contraception, such as condoms, while taking erythromycin to prevent unintended pregnancy.

C) Take the medications at least 12 hours apart:
While it's generally a good practice to space medications apart to avoid interactions, specific instructions regarding the timing of erythromycin and oral contraceptive administration should be obtained from the healthcare provider. Simply spacing the medications apart may not be sufficient to prevent contraceptive failure.

D) Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight:
This instruction is unrelated to the interaction between erythromycin and oral contraceptives. Erythromycin can increase sensitivity to sunlight (photosensitivity), but this does not affect the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Therefore, while it's important to advise clients to protect themselves from sun exposure while taking erythromycin, it's not directly related to contraceptive use.

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The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with HIV about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

Rationale:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client receives a prescription for penicillin G 1,000,000 units intramuscular (IM) daily. The medication is available in 1,200,000 units/2 mL syringe. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)

Correct Answer is ["1.7"]

Explanation

A client who is taking an oral contraceptive receives a new prescription for erythromycin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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