The nurse performs a visual assessment on a patient and documents the findings using the acronym PERRLA. Which assessment finding does PERRLA indicate?
Palpebral angle rigid, right and left angles
Patient's eyes round, regular, lively, active
Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
Pupils equilateral, regular, round, little accommodation
The Correct Answer is C
A. Palpebral angle rigid, right and left angles is not a part of the PERRLA assessment. The term refers to the space between the eyelids, which is not assessed with the PERRLA acronym.
B. Patient's eyes round, regular, lively, active is a description of the general appearance of the eyes but does not correspond to the PERRLA acronym, which specifically addresses the pupils' response to light and accommodation.
C. PERRLA stands for Pupils Equal, Round, and Reactive to Light and Accommodation. This means the pupils should be equal in size, round in shape, react to light (constricting when exposed to light), and accommodate (adjust) when focusing on near or far objects. This is a standard neurological assessment used to evaluate the functioning of the eyes and the nervous system.
D. Pupils equilateral, regular, round, little accommodation does not accurately describe PERRLA. The correct term is "accommodation," which refers to the pupils' ability to adjust when focusing on near or far objects, not "little accommodation."
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Emotional lability (rapid mood swings) can occur with brain injuries, but it is more commonly associated with damage to the frontal lobe, not the brainstem.
B. Personality changes are also more likely to result from damage to the frontal lobe or other areas of the brain responsible for behavior and personality, not the brainstem.
C. Diabetes insipidus can result from brain injury, particularly damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, but it is not a direct consequence of brainstem injury.
D. Unstable vital signs are a common result of damage to the brainstem, which is responsible for regulating autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. Damage to the brainstem can lead to life-threatening instability in these vital functions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A lumbar herniated disc commonly causes radiating pain down the leg, known as sciatica. This occurs when the herniated disc compresses a nerve root, often causing pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness that radiates down the leg.
B. Headache is not a typical symptom of a lumbar herniated disc. Headaches are generally associated with conditions affecting the head or neck, not the lower back.
C. Difficulty breathing is not associated with a lumbar herniated disc. Breathing problems are typically related to respiratory or cardiac conditions, not issues with the spine.
D. Blurred vision is not a symptom of a lumbar herniated disc. Vision changes are more often related to eye or neurological issues affecting the brain, not the lower back.
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