The nurse's comprehensive assessment of a patient includes inspection for signs of oral cancer. What assessment finding is most characteristic of oral cancer in its early stages?

Presence of a painless sore with raised edges

Diffuse inflammation of the buccal mucosa

Dull pain radiating to the ears and teeth

Areas of tenderness that make chewing difficult

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

A painless sore with raised edges is a characteristic early sign of oral cancer. It may appear as a small, painless lump or sore in the mouth, often with raised edges. This finding should raise suspicion and prompt further evaluation.

Choice B reason:

Diffuse inflammation of the buccal mucosa is a non-specific finding and can be caused by various factors, including infection or irritation. While it's important to assess the oral mucosa for any abnormalities, it is not specific to oral cancer.

Choice C reason:

Dull pain radiating to the ears and teeth is not a characteristic early sign of oral cancer. Pain associated with oral cancer may occur in later stages or if there is local invasion of nerves.

Choice D reason:

Areas of tenderness that make chewing difficult may occur for various reasons, including dental issues or other oral health problems. While this can be distressing for the patient, it is not specific to oral cancer.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Drinking beverages after a meal, rather than with it, can help minimize reflux symptoms in individuals with hiatal hernias.

Choice B reason:

Dry foods are not specifically contraindicated for individuals with hiatal hernias, and this statement does not directly address reflux symptoms.

Choice C reason:

Eating smaller, more frequent meals is a helpful dietary modification for individuals with hiatal hernias to reduce the likelihood of reflux.

Choice D reason:

While antacids can provide relief for acid reflux symptoms, this statement doesn't address the timing of meals and beverages, which is more relevant to hiatal hernia management.

A. "Don't worry, most clients dislike the prep more than the procedure itself." B. "After you have signed the consent form, we can talk more about this." C. "I know you're anxious, but this procedure is recommended for people your age." D. "Before the examination, your provider will give you a sedative that will make you sleepy."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

- A: This response minimizes the client's feelings and may make them feel unheard. It's important for healthcare providers to acknowledge a patient's feelings and provide reassurance in a more empathetic manner.
- B: This response delays addressing the client's concerns and may increase his anxiety. Consent is important, but it should not be a barrier to discussing care and addressing concerns.
- C: This response is factual but does not address the client's immediate concern about pain. It's crucial to address the client's fears directly rather than deflecting to the procedure's necessity.
- D: This response directly addresses the client's concern about pain by informing him of the sedative, which is a common practice to reduce discomfort during a colonoscopy. It provides reassurance and factual information about the procedure's process.

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The nurse's comprehensive assessment of a patient includes inspection for signs of oral cancer. What assessment finding is most characteristic of oral cancer in its early stages?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient seeking care because of recurrent heartburn and regurgitation is subsequently diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which of the following should the nurse include in health education?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client reports that he has not had the procedure before and is very anxious about feeling pain during the procedure. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The nurse's comprehensive assessment of a patient includes inspection for signs of oral cancer. What assessment finding is most characteristic of oral cancer in its early stages?

A patient's new onset of dysphagia has required insertion of an NG tube for feeding; the nurse has modified the patient's care plan accordingly. What intervention should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care?

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