The physician recommends a carotid endarterectomy for a client with atherosclerosis and a history of transient ischemic attacks (TIAS). The nurse explains that this procedure involves:

bypassing the plaques with another artery.

removal of plaques in the artery in the neck.

brain surgery to remove the diseased plaques.

resection of a diseased artery in the brain and replacing it with a Gortex graft.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   A carotid endarterectomy does not involve bypassing the plaques; rather, it directly addresses the blockage.
B.   Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the neck to access the carotid artery, where the surgeon removes the atherosclerotic plaques that are causing narrowing and restricting blood flow. This helps reduce the risk of stroke.
C.   Carotid endarterectomy is not brain surgery; it is performed on the carotid arteries in the neck. The procedure aims to prevent strokes by improving blood flow to the brain, but it does not involve surgery on the brain itself.
D.   This description does not accurately reflect carotid endarterectomy. The procedure does not involve resecting an artery in the brain or using a graft; rather, it focuses on removing plaques from the carotid artery in the neck.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While the nursing student may assist with feeding, the nurse should always assess the client's swallowing ability and provide direct supervision to ensure the client's safety.
B. Placing food on the affected side of the mouth can increase the risk of aspiration. The food should be placed on the unaffected side of the mouth.
C. Distractions can impair the client's ability to focus on swallowing and increase the risk of aspiration. A quiet environment can help the client concentrate on eating.
D. The head of the bed should be elevated to at least 30 degrees during and after feeding to reduce the risk of aspiration.

A. Impulsive behavior and hostility toward family B. Hemiparesis of the client's left arm and apraxia C. Homonymous hemianopia on the left side and diplopia D. Paralysis of the right side of the body and ataxia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. These are behavioral changes that may occur after a stroke, but they are not directly related to motor loss.
B. Hemiparesis is weakness on one side of the body, but in this case, the client is experiencing motor loss on the right side. Apraxia is the inability to perform purposeful movements, which can also occur after a stroke, but it is not a direct manifestation of motor loss.
C. Homonymous hemianopia is the loss of vision in half of the visual field on the same side as the stroke. Diplopia is double vision. While these are both common symptoms of stroke, they are not related to motor loss.
D. A left-sided stroke typically results in motor loss on the right side of the body. This is because the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body. Additionally, ataxia, which is a lack of coordination, is a common symptom of stroke.

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The physician recommends a carotid endarterectomy for a client with atherosclerosis and a history of transient ischemic attacks (TIAS). The nurse explains that this procedure involves:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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