The single most important factor influencing potassium ion secretion is
potassium ion concentration in extracellular fluid
intracellular sodium levels
the pH of the intracellular fluid
the potassium ion content in the renal tubule cells
The Correct Answer is A
A. Potassium ion concentration in extracellular fluid: High levels of extracellular potassium stimulate aldosterone secretion and enhance potassium secretion into the renal tubules for excretion. This is the most direct and critical factor.
B. Intracellular sodium levels: While sodium levels affect membrane potentials, they do not directly regulate potassium secretion.
C. The pH of the intracellular fluid: pH changes can influence potassium distribution between compartments but are not the main driver of secretion.
D. The potassium ion content in the renal tubule cells: This reflects storage, not the signal for secretion. The extracellular fluid concentration is what regulates the process.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. It regulates the rate of filtrate formation: The juxtaglomerular complex (JGC) helps control glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by monitoring filtrate content and flow.
B. Its macula densa cells produce aldosterone: Macula densa cells sense sodium concentration but do not produce aldosterone. Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex.
C. Its granular cells produce renin: Granular (juxtaglomerular) cells release renin in response to low blood pressure or sodium.
D. It helps control systemic blood pressure: Through renin release and the RAAS system, the JGC helps regulate blood pressure.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Citric acid (Krebs) cycle: This occurs in the mitochondria, which RBCs do not possess.
B. Glycolysis: RBCs rely entirely on anaerobic glycolysis in the cytoplasm for ATP production due to their lack of mitochondria.
C. Aerobic respiration: This requires mitochondria, which are absent in RBCs.
D. Electron transport chain: This also occurs in the mitochondrial membrane, and RBCs can’t perform this process.
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