Untreated or improperly treated diabetes is the primary cause of the following: (Select All that Apply.)

A. Increase insulin production by the pancreas: This is incorrect because incretin enhancers don't increase the production of insulin itself but rather enhance the secretion of insulin in response to meals.
B. Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas: This is correct. Incretin enhancers (e.g., DPP-4 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists) work by amplifying the effect of incretins, which are hormones that increase insulin secretion in response to meals.
C. Decrease the amount of glucagon produced by the pancreas: This is partly true but not the primary mechanism. Incretins do reduce glucagon release, which helps lower blood glucose, but the main action is to increase insulin secretion.
D. Decrease the uptake of glucose by the body's cells: This is incorrect. Incretin enhancers do not work by decreasing glucose uptake by cells; rather, they enhance insulin secretion which in turn helps cells to uptake glucose.

A. Bacteriostatics are narrow-spectrum drugs, and bactericidal drugs are broad-spectrum: This is not a valid distinction as both bacteriostatic and bactericidal drugs can be either narrow or broad-spectrum.
B. Bacteriostatics work by inhibiting protein synthesis, and bactericidal drugs work by inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis: This is incorrect because both types of drugs can inhibit protein or nucleic acid synthesis depending on the specific drug.
C. Bacteriostatic drugs actually kill bacteria, and bactericidal drugs inhibit bacterial growth: This is incorrect; it states the opposite of the correct differentiation.
D. Bacteriostatic drugs inhibit bacterial growth, and bactericidal drugs actually kill bacteria: This is correct. Bacteriostatic drugs prevent the proliferation of bacteria, while bactericidal drugs kill bacteria.