What are the most important ethical issues for clients infected with HIV and those who have AIDS?
The right to privacy and unrestricted care.
Self-determination and distributive justice.
Veracity and informed consent.
Fidelity and option rights.
The Correct Answer is B
A. The right to privacy and unrestricted care:
The right to privacy is important, especially for individuals with HIV/AIDS due to the stigma associated with the disease. Unrestricted care ensures that patients receive the necessary medical attention and support without discrimination.
B. Self-determination and distributive justice:
Self-determination emphasizes a patient's right to make decisions about their own healthcare, including treatment options and end-of-life decisions. Distributive justice involves fair allocation of resources, especially relevant in healthcare to ensure all patients receive appropriate care.
C. Veracity and informed consent:
Veracity refers to truthfulness, particularly in communication between healthcare providers and patients. Informed consent ensures that patients have a complete understanding of their medical condition, treatments, and potential risks, enabling them to make informed decisions about their care.
D. Fidelity and option rights:
Fidelity refers to the principle of loyalty, honesty, and faithfulness in maintaining trust in the nurse-patient relationship. Option rights involve a patient's right to choose between different treatment options.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Justice: Justice refers to the principle of fairness and equality in the distribution of resources and treatments. It involves treating individuals and groups fairly and equally, ensuring that everyone has access to the same healthcare services without discrimination.
Fidelity: Fidelity, also known as faithfulness or loyalty, is the ethical principle that relates to keeping promises and agreements. In the context of healthcare, fidelity means being faithful to the commitments made to patients, colleagues, and the profession. It involves being loyal to the trust that patients place in healthcare professionals.
Veracity: Veracity is the principle of truthfulness and honesty. It involves being truthful and transparent with patients, providing them with accurate and honest information about their condition, treatment options, and potential outcomes. Healthcare professionals should not deceive or withhold important information from patients.
Beneficence: Beneficence is the ethical principle of doing good or promoting the well-being of patients. It involves taking actions that benefit patients and promote their welfare. Healthcare professionals have a moral obligation to act in the best interests of their patients and to provide interventions and treatments that are beneficial and minimize harm.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Doing no harm to clients: This is the correct definition of nonmaleficence. It means ensuring that healthcare providers do not cause harm intentionally or unintentionally to their patients.
Telling the truth to clients in all matters: While honesty and truthfulness (veracity) are important ethical principles, this statement does not directly define nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence specifically emphasizes the prevention of harm, not just truth-telling.
Being faithful to commitments made to clients: Faithfulness and keeping commitments are aspects of fidelity, another ethical principle. It involves keeping promises and being loyal to patients. Although important, this does not capture the essence of nonmaleficence.
Determining the rights of clients: Protecting a patient's rights is crucial, but it is more aligned with the ethical principle of autonomy, where patients have the right to make decisions about their own healthcare. Nonmaleficence is specifically concerned with the prevention of harm.
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