What are the risk factors associated with peptic ulcer disease?
(Select All that Apply.)
Family history
Blood type A
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) intake for pain
Smoking tobacco
Drinking caffeine
Correct Answer : A,D,E
A. Family history: Having a family history of peptic ulcers increases the risk of developing the condition, suggesting a genetic predisposition.
B. Blood type A: There is no direct association between blood type A and peptic ulcer disease.
C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) intake for pain: Acetaminophen is generally considered safe for pain relief and is not a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer disease. However, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are known to increase the risk of peptic ulcers.
D. Smoking tobacco: Smoking tobacco is a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer disease. Tobacco use increases stomach acid production, weakens the protective lining of the stomach and duodenum, and impairs the healing of ulcers.
E. Drinking caffeine: While caffeine consumption alone may not directly cause peptic ulcers, excessive intake of caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea, and soda can aggravate existing ulcers by stimulating stomach acid production and increasing gastric acidity.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Take albuterol first.
Taking albuterol before salmeterol does not address the potential interaction between the two medications. It is important to avoid taking them together rather than just adjusting the order of administration.
B) The order of administration does not matter.
The order of administration does matter when it comes to medications with potential interactions. In this case, both albuterol and salmeterol are bronchodilators, and taking them together can increase the risk of adverse effects.
C) Take salmeterol first.
Similar to taking albuterol first, taking salmeterol before albuterol does not address the potential interaction between the two medications. The priority is to avoid taking them together unless specifically directed by the healthcare provider.
D) They should not be taken together.
Albuterol and salmeterol are both bronchodilators used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SABA), typically used for quick relief of acute bronchoconstriction, while salmeterol is a long-acting beta agonist (LABA), used for long-term control and prevention of bronchospasm. Taking both medications together can increase the risk of side effects, including excessive stimulation of the beta receptors and potential cardiovascular effects. Therefore, it is important to follow healthcare provider's instructions and avoid taking albuterol and salmeterol together unless specifically directed to do so.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) The nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and paranasal sinuses.
The upper respiratory tract consists of the structures located above the larynx (voice box). These include the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx (throat), and paranasal sinuses. These structures play vital roles in filtering, warming, and humidifying the air we breathe, as well as in olfaction (sense of smell) and speech resonance.
B) The nose and paranasal sinuses:
While the nose and paranasal sinuses are indeed part of the upper respiratory tract, this response does not include the entirety of the upper respiratory structures, such as the pharynx, which is also crucial.
C) The lungs and associated structures:
This choice is incorrect because the lungs are part of the lower respiratory tract, not the upper respiratory tract. The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea (windpipe), bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.
D) The nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and the lungs:
This response includes structures from both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. While the nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx belong to the upper respiratory tract, the lungs are part of the lower respiratory tract. Therefore, this option is not accurate for describing the components of the upper respiratory tract.
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