What drug would the nurse administer to treat a patient diagnosed with bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Glycopyrrolate.
Ipratropium.
Atropine.
Flavoxate.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Glycopyrrolate is an anticholinergic medication that reduces secretions in the mouth, throat, and airways but is not typically used for bronchospasm associated with COPD.
Choice B rationale
Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that is commonly used to treat bronchospasm associated with COPD. It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways to improve breathing.
Choice C rationale
Atropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat bradycardia and reduce secretions but is not indicated for bronchospasm associated with COPD.
Choice D rationale
Flavoxate is a urinary antispasmodic used to relieve symptoms of bladder spasms but has no role in the treatment of bronchospasm associated with COPD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Weight-bearing exercises are beneficial for cardiovascular health and bone density, and substituting them with yoga may not address the underlying factors contributing to hypertension.
Choice B rationale
Decreased fluid intake is not generally recommended as it can lead to dehydration, which may negatively impact blood pressure. Increased potassium intake is beneficial, but not reducing fluid intake.
Choice C rationale
Stress reduction is indeed beneficial for managing hypertension, but increased protein intake is not specifically indicated for lowering blood pressure and may have other health implications.
Choice D rationale
Weight reduction and decreased sodium intake are well-established lifestyle changes for managing hypertension. Reducing sodium helps lower blood pressure, and weight loss reduces the strain on the cardiovascular system.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Beta-adrenergic blockers generally do not decrease urinary output. These drugs primarily act on the cardiovascular system by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, which results in lowered heart rate and blood pressure. Their effects are less pronounced on the renal system unless specific agents with renal effects are used.
Choice B rationale
Beta-adrenergic blockers decrease the strength of heart muscle contraction (negative inotropic effect). By blocking beta receptors, they inhibit the stimulatory effects of catecholamines on the heart, reducing the force of myocardial contraction, which helps decrease oxygen demand and control angina symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Beta-adrenergic blockers typically decrease heart rate (negative chronotropic effect) rather than increase it. They inhibit beta-adrenergic receptors, which leads to a slower heart rate and can help manage conditions like angina by reducing myocardial oxygen consumption.
Choice D rationale
Beta-adrenergic blockers decrease oxygen consumption by reducing heart rate and the force of contraction. These effects lower myocardial oxygen demand, which is beneficial for patients with angina by preventing episodes triggered by increased oxygen needs.
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