Which of the following responses indicates sympathetic nervous system activation?

Tachycardia, dilated pupils

Pupil constriction, bronchoconstriction

Increased peristalsis, abdominal cramping

Hypoglycemia, headache

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response. This response includes tachycardia (increased heart rate) and dilated pupils (mydriasis), both of which are common physiological changes during sympathetic activation.

B. Pupil constriction and bronchoconstriction are associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the "rest and digest" functions.

C. Increased peristalsis and abdominal cramping are also associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, as it promotes digestion and relaxation of the body.

D. Hypoglycemia and headache are not direct indicators of sympathetic activation. Hypoglycemia can occur for various reasons, and headaches can be caused by multiple factors, but they are not specific signs of sympathetic nervous system activation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A lumbar herniated disc commonly causes radiating pain down the leg, known as sciatica. This occurs when the herniated disc compresses a nerve root, often causing pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness that radiates down the leg.

B. Headache is not a typical symptom of a lumbar herniated disc. Headaches are generally associated with conditions affecting the head or neck, not the lower back.

C. Difficulty breathing is not associated with a lumbar herniated disc. Breathing problems are typically related to respiratory or cardiac conditions, not issues with the spine.

D. Blurred vision is not a symptom of a lumbar herniated disc. Vision changes are more often related to eye or neurological issues affecting the brain, not the lower back.

A. Neutropenic precautions B. Contact isolation C. Universal precautions D. Droplet isolation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Neutropenic precautions are used for clients with compromised immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or bone marrow suppression. This is not appropriate for bacterial meningitis.

B. Contact isolation is used for infections that are transmitted through direct contact with the patient or their environment, such as MRSA or C. difficile. Bacterial meningitis, however, is spread through respiratory droplets.

C. Universal precautions refer to standard infection control practices (like hand hygiene and wearing gloves) that apply to all patients, but specific precautions are needed for certain infections like bacterial meningitis.

D. Droplet isolation is necessary for bacterial meningitis, as it is transmitted via respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or talking. This isolation prevents the spread of the infection to others in close proximity.

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Which of the following responses indicates sympathetic nervous system activation?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of a lumbar herniated disc?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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