Which of the following responses indicates sympathetic nervous system activation?
Tachycardia, dilated pupils
Pupil constriction, bronchoconstriction
Increased peristalsis, abdominal cramping
Hypoglycemia, headache
The Correct Answer is A
A. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response. This response includes tachycardia (increased heart rate) and dilated pupils (mydriasis), both of which are common physiological changes during sympathetic activation.
B. Pupil constriction and bronchoconstriction are associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the "rest and digest" functions.
C. Increased peristalsis and abdominal cramping are also associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, as it promotes digestion and relaxation of the body.
D. Hypoglycemia and headache are not direct indicators of sympathetic activation. Hypoglycemia can occur for various reasons, and headaches can be caused by multiple factors, but they are not specific signs of sympathetic nervous system activation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dopamine is the neurotransmitter that is decreased in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Levodopa, a precursor to dopamine, is used to increase dopamine levels in the brain and alleviate symptoms.
B. Norepinephrine is involved in mood regulation and other functions, but it is not the primary neurotransmitter involved in Parkinson's disease.
C. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects mood, sleep, and appetite, but it is not the primary neurotransmitter involved in Parkinson's disease.
D. Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter, but its role is more related to other conditions like neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS, rather than Parkinson's disease.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Limiting the client's physical activity is not recommended for clients with Parkinson's disease. Physical activity, including exercises to improve strength, balance, and flexibility, is essential to manage symptoms and maintain mobility.
B. Providing the client a cane is appropriate. A cane can help with balance and stability, especially as the client experiences motor symptoms such as rigidity and bradykinesia. It can reduce the risk of falls.
C. Offering the client 3 large meals a day is not ideal. Smaller, more frequent meals are recommended for clients with Parkinson's disease, as they may experience difficulty swallowing, digestion issues, or a reduced appetite.
D. Speaking loudly to the client is not necessary unless the client has difficulty hearing. It is more important to speak clearly and at a normal volume, as clients with Parkinson's disease may have issues with speech (e.g., soft or slurred speech).
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