What manifestation is consistent with a diagnosis of a pulmonary embolism?
Unilateral leg swelling
Sudden numbness of the face
Blood in the urine
Chest pain
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Unilateral leg swelling suggests deep vein thrombosis, a precursor to pulmonary embolism, not a direct manifestation. Pulmonary embolism affects the lungs, causing respiratory symptoms, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Sudden facial numbness is associated with stroke, not pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism causes pulmonary and systemic symptoms like chest pain, not neurological deficits, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Blood in the urine (hematuria) is unrelated to pulmonary embolism, which affects pulmonary arteries. It may occur in renal conditions, not pulmonary vascular obstruction, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Chest pain is a hallmark of pulmonary embolism, caused by pleural irritation or ischemia from blocked pulmonary arteries. It is often sharp and worsens with breathing, making this the correct choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Genetic mutations causing insulin resistance describe type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency, not resistance, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Excessive carbohydrate intake does not cause type 1 diabetes, which is autoimmune. It may exacerbate hyperglycemia in diabetes but is not the primary cause, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Pancreatic damage from alcohol can cause pancreatitis, not type 1 diabetes. Type 1 is autoimmune, destroying insulin-producing beta cells, unrelated to alcohol-induced damage, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Autoantibodies target beta cells, causing hyperglycemia, making this the correct pathophysiological cause.
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Diabetes insipidus causes excessive water loss via dilute urine, leading to dehydration and decreased blood volume, resulting in hypotension. Reduced vascular pressure is a direct consequence, making this a correct manifestation.
Choice B reason: Increased thirst (polydipsia) occurs in diabetes insipidus as the body compensates for massive water loss through dilute urine, triggered by low antidiuretic hormone or kidney response, making this a correct manifestation.
Choice C reason: Decreased heart rate is not typical; diabetes insipidus causes tachycardia due to dehydration and low blood volume, as the heart compensates for hypotension. Bradycardia does not fit, making this incorrect.
Choice D reason: Decreased urine output is incorrect; diabetes insipidus causes polyuria due to inability to concentrate urine, resulting from deficient antidiuretic hormone or renal response, making this choice incorrect.
Choice E reason: Increased glucose level is unrelated to diabetes insipidus, which affects water balance, not glucose metabolism. Hyperglycemia occurs in diabetes mellitus, not insipidus, making this choice incorrect.
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