What action(s) should a person take to prevent complications of immobility? (Select all that apply)
Wear compression stockings
Drink plenty of water every day
Avoid eating high-fiber foods
Conduct weight-bearing exercise
Perform deep breathing exercises
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A reason: Compression stockings promote venous return, preventing blood stasis and deep vein thrombosis, a common immobility complication. They support circulation in immobile limbs, making this a correct preventive action.
Choice B reason: Adequate hydration prevents dehydration, maintaining blood fluidity and reducing clot risk. It also supports urinary and bowel function, preventing complications like constipation, making this a correct action for immobility.
Choice C reason: Avoiding high-fiber foods increases constipation risk, a complication of immobility. High-fiber diets promote bowel motility, so this choice is incorrect as it worsens, not prevents, immobility complications.
Choice D reason: Weight-bearing exercise maintains muscle and bone strength, preventing atrophy and osteoporosis in immobility. It also improves circulation, reducing clot risk, making this a correct preventive action.
Choice E reason: Deep breathing exercises prevent atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting lung expansion and mucus clearance in immobile individuals, improving oxygenation and reducing infection risk, making this a correct action.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Lack of appetite is not typical in type 1 diabetes, where increased appetite (polyphagia) occurs due to glucose deprivation in cells. Weight loss is more characteristic, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Oliguria (low urine output) is not a feature of type 1 diabetes, which causes polyuria due to osmotic diuresis from hyperglycemia. This makes the choice incorrect for type 1 diabetes.
Choice C reason: Night sweats are not a primary manifestation of type 1 diabetes. They may occur in hypoglycemia but are not a hallmark symptom, unlike weight loss, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Weight loss in type 1 diabetes results from insulin deficiency, preventing glucose uptake, leading to fat and muscle breakdown for energy. This is a classic symptom, making this the correct choice.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hyperthermia is not a primary sign of increased intracranial pressure. It may occur in brain injury due to hypothalamic dysfunction, but increased intracranial pressure directly causes neurological symptoms like confusion due to brain compression, making this incorrect.
Choice B reason: Confusion is a hallmark of increased intracranial pressure, as elevated pressure compresses brain tissue, impairing neuronal function and cognition. This disrupts normal brain signaling, leading to altered mental status, making this the correct manifestation.
Choice C reason: Hypotension is not typical; increased intracranial pressure often causes hypertension (Cushing’s reflex) to maintain cerebral perfusion. Low blood pressure does not align with the body’s compensatory response to brain compression, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Angina, chest pain from cardiac ischemia, is unrelated to increased intracranial pressure. Intracranial pressure affects brain function, causing neurological symptoms like confusion, not cardiac pain, making this choice incorrect for this condition.
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