What manifestation is consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: SIADH causes excessive antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Low serum sodium results from increased water reabsorption in the kidneys, causing neurological symptoms, making this the correct manifestation.
Choice B reason: Hyperkalemia is not associated with SIADH, which affects water balance, not potassium. Potassium imbalances occur in adrenal or renal disorders, not SIADH’s water retention mechanism, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia is unrelated to SIADH, which involves water retention and sodium dilution. Glucose levels are affected by diabetes, not antidiuretic hormone dysfunction, making this choice incorrect for SIADH manifestations.
Choice D reason: Hypertension may occur in SIADH due to fluid overload, but it is not the primary manifestation. Hyponatremia is more specific, as water retention directly dilutes sodium, making this choice incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Compression stockings promote venous return, preventing blood stasis and deep vein thrombosis, a common immobility complication. They support circulation in immobile limbs, making this a correct preventive action.
Choice B reason: Adequate hydration prevents dehydration, maintaining blood fluidity and reducing clot risk. It also supports urinary and bowel function, preventing complications like constipation, making this a correct action for immobility.
Choice C reason: Avoiding high-fiber foods increases constipation risk, a complication of immobility. High-fiber diets promote bowel motility, so this choice is incorrect as it worsens, not prevents, immobility complications.
Choice D reason: Weight-bearing exercise maintains muscle and bone strength, preventing atrophy and osteoporosis in immobility. It also improves circulation, reducing clot risk, making this a correct preventive action.
Choice E reason: Deep breathing exercises prevent atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting lung expansion and mucus clearance in immobile individuals, improving oxygenation and reducing infection risk, making this a correct action.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test does not measure erythrocyte count. It reflects glucose binding to hemoglobin, indicating average blood glucose over months, not red cell quantity, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: HbA1c does not measure insulin production but reflects glucose levels bound to hemoglobin over 2-3 months. Insulin production is assessed by other tests, like C-peptide, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: HbA1c does not directly measure diabetes medication effectiveness but provides a long-term glucose control average. Medication efficacy is inferred indirectly, making this choice incorrect for the test’s primary purpose.
Choice D reason: The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose over 2-3 months by assessing glucose bound to hemoglobin in red cells, reflecting long-term glycemic control, making this the correct choice.
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