What manifestation is consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: SIADH causes excessive antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Low serum sodium results from increased water reabsorption in the kidneys, causing neurological symptoms, making this the correct manifestation.
Choice B reason: Hyperkalemia is not associated with SIADH, which affects water balance, not potassium. Potassium imbalances occur in adrenal or renal disorders, not SIADH’s water retention mechanism, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia is unrelated to SIADH, which involves water retention and sodium dilution. Glucose levels are affected by diabetes, not antidiuretic hormone dysfunction, making this choice incorrect for SIADH manifestations.
Choice D reason: Hypertension may occur in SIADH due to fluid overload, but it is not the primary manifestation. Hyponatremia is more specific, as water retention directly dilutes sodium, making this choice incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Photophobia, sensitivity to light, is not associated with hypothyroidism. It occurs in conditions like migraines or meningitis. Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, causing fatigue, not light sensitivity, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Exophthalmos, protruding eyes, is associated with hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease) due to orbital inflammation. Hypothyroidism does not cause eye protrusion, making this choice incorrect for hypothyroidism manifestations.
Choice C reason: Weight loss is typical of hyperthyroidism due to increased metabolism. Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, causing weight gain, not loss, due to reduced energy expenditure, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Hypothyroidism reduces thyroid hormone levels, slowing metabolism and causing lethargy, fatigue, and reduced energy. This is a hallmark symptom due to decreased cellular activity, making this the correct choice.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Compression stockings promote venous return, preventing blood stasis in the legs, a major risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can lead to pulmonary embolism. By improving circulation, they reduce clot formation, making this the correct preventive action.
Choice B reason: Medications promoting clotting increase the risk of pulmonary embolism by enhancing thrombus formation. Anticoagulants, not pro-coagulants, are used to prevent clots, making this choice incorrect as it would worsen the risk.
Choice C reason: Frequent bed rest increases the risk of pulmonary embolism by causing venous stasis, promoting clot formation in deep veins. Mobility reduces stasis and clot risk, making this choice incorrect for preventing pulmonary embolism.
Choice D reason: Reducing water intake leads to dehydration, increasing blood viscosity and clot risk, which can cause pulmonary embolism. Adequate hydration maintains blood fluidity, reducing thrombosis risk, making this choice incorrect for prevention.
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