For each risk factor. click to specify whether the risk factor results in respiratory acidosis or metabolic acidosis.
Opiate drugs
Atelectasis
Hypoventilation
Renal failure
Airway obstruction
Diarrhea
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}
A. Opiate drugs cause respiratory acidosis by depressing the central nervous system, specifically the respiratory centers in the brainstem, leading to reduced ventilation and accumulation of carbon dioxide. This increases arterial PCO2, lowering blood pH. The patient’s exposure to opiates aligns with this mechanism, as it impairs the physiological need for adequate respiration, a key component of Maslow’s hierarchy.
B. Atelectasis results in respiratory acidosis due to collapsed alveoli, which reduces effective gas exchange and causes carbon dioxide retention. This elevates PCO2, decreasing pH. The patient’s condition of atelectasis directly contributes to hypoventilation, supporting this classification.
C. Hypoventilation leads to respiratory acidosis by decreasing alveolar ventilation, causing carbon dioxide buildup. Elevated PCO2 lowers blood pH. The patient’s hypoventilation directly correlates with this mechanism, as it disrupts the respiratory system’s ability to maintain acid-base balance.
D. Renal failure causes metabolic acidosis by impairing the kidneys’ ability to excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate, leading to acid accumulation and reduced serum bicarbonate. This aligns with the patient’s renal failure, as it disrupts the renal regulation of acid-base homeostasis, a critical physiological need.
E. Airway obstruction results in respiratory acidosis by preventing adequate ventilation, leading to carbon dioxide retention and increased PCO2, which lowers pH. The patient’s airway obstruction directly causes this imbalance, impairing respiratory function.
F. Diarrhea causes metabolic acidosis due to excessive loss of bicarbonate-rich intestinal fluids, reducing serum bicarbonate and lowering pH. The patient’s diarrhea aligns with this mechanism, as it leads to a direct loss of base, disrupting acid-base equilibrium.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Vasodilation in acute inflammation, triggered by mediators like histamine, increases blood flow to the affected area, delivering more oxygenated blood. This causes erythema (redness), a hallmark of inflammation, as hemoglobin concentration rises in tissues, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Loss of function in inflammation results from tissue damage or swelling impairing normal activity, not directly from vasodilation. Vasodilation contributes to redness and warmth, not functional loss, making this choice incorrect for vasodilation’s effect.
Choice C reason: Pain in inflammation is caused by mediators like bradykinin and prostaglandins sensitizing nociceptors, not directly by vasodilation. While vasodilation supports inflammation, it does not directly cause pain, making this choice incorrect for the manifestation.
Choice D reason: Swelling (edema) in inflammation results from increased capillary permeability, allowing fluid leakage into tissues. Vasodilation increases blood flow but does not directly cause fluid extravasation, making this choice incorrect for vasodilation’s specific effect.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Compression stockings promote venous return, preventing blood stasis and deep vein thrombosis, a common immobility complication. They support circulation in immobile limbs, making this a correct preventive action.
Choice B reason: Adequate hydration prevents dehydration, maintaining blood fluidity and reducing clot risk. It also supports urinary and bowel function, preventing complications like constipation, making this a correct action for immobility.
Choice C reason: Avoiding high-fiber foods increases constipation risk, a complication of immobility. High-fiber diets promote bowel motility, so this choice is incorrect as it worsens, not prevents, immobility complications.
Choice D reason: Weight-bearing exercise maintains muscle and bone strength, preventing atrophy and osteoporosis in immobility. It also improves circulation, reducing clot risk, making this a correct preventive action.
Choice E reason: Deep breathing exercises prevent atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting lung expansion and mucus clearance in immobile individuals, improving oxygenation and reducing infection risk, making this a correct action.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.