What manifestation is expected when a person with a spinal cord injury develops autonomic dysreflexia?
Diarrhea
Tachycardia
Headache
Hypotension
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Diarrhea is not a typical feature of autonomic dysreflexia, which involves sympathetic overactivity causing vasoconstriction. Bowel dysfunction may occur in spinal cord injury, but it is not specific to dysreflexia, making this incorrect.
Choice B reason: Tachycardia can occur in autonomic dysreflexia due to sympathetic stimulation, but it is less specific than headache, which is a hallmark symptom from severe hypertension, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Autonomic dysreflexia, often triggered by stimuli below the injury level, causes severe hypertension, leading to a pounding headache due to increased intracranial pressure. This is a hallmark symptom, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Hypotension is not associated with autonomic dysreflexia, which causes hypertension from unopposed sympathetic responses. Hypotension may occur in spinal shock, not dysreflexia, making this choice incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Loss of the thirst mechanism causes dehydration and hypernatremia, not hyponatremia, as water loss concentrates sodium. Hyponatremia requires excess water or sodium loss, making this choice incorrect for causing low sodium levels.
Choice B reason: Excessive aldosterone secretion causes sodium retention and hypernatremia, as it promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. Hyponatremia involves sodium loss or dilution, not retention, making this choice incorrect for causing hyponatremia.
Choice C reason: Excessive sweating causes loss of sodium-containing fluids, leading to hyponatremia if water is replaced without electrolytes. This depletes serum sodium, disrupting electrolyte balance, making this the correct cause of hyponatremia in this context.
Choice D reason: Prolonged rapid, deep respirations cause respiratory alkalosis, not directly affecting sodium levels. Hyponatremia requires sodium loss or water excess, not respiratory changes, making this choice incorrect for causing low sodium levels.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A vesicle is a small, elevated, thin-walled lesion filled with clear fluid, typically less than 1 cm, seen in conditions like herpes or contact dermatitis. This matches the description perfectly, making it the correct choice for the lesion.
Choice B reason: A pustule is an elevated lesion filled with pus, not clear fluid, indicating infection or inflammation. The description specifies clear fluid, not purulent content, making pustule incorrect for the described skin lesion.
Choice C reason: A macule is a flat, non-elevated skin lesion with color change, like a freckle, not containing fluid. The description of an elevated, fluid-filled lesion does not match, making macule incorrect for this scenario.
Choice D reason: A nodule is a solid, elevated lesion deeper in the skin, not thin-walled or fluid-filled. The description of a clear fluid-filled, elevated lesion does not fit a nodule’s characteristics, making this choice incorrect.
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