Which age-related changes affect the inactivation of drugs in the body? Select all that apply.
Reduced blood flow through the liver
Decreased body water
Decreased liver size
Reduced liver enzyme activity
Decreased renal function
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Reduced blood flow through the liver
Decreases the liver’s ability to metabolize drugs, leading to prolonged drug action or toxicity.
B. Decreased body water
Affects drug distribution, especially water-soluble drugs, but not inactivation directly.
C. Decreased liver size
Smaller liver has less functional tissue, reducing metabolic capacity for drug inactivation.
D. Reduced liver enzyme activity
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism are less active, delaying inactivation.
E. Decreased renal function
Affects elimination of drugs and prolongs drug action, especially those excreted unchanged by kidneys.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Intellectual capability: Intellectual ability generally remains intact with age, unless affected by disease such as dementia.
B. Tolerance for extremes in temperature: Decreases due to impaired thermoregulation and thinner skin.
C. Total body water: Decreases, making older adults more susceptible to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
D. Force of pulse: May decrease due to decreased cardiac output and vascular elasticity.
E. Pulmonary gas exchange: Decreases due to changes in alveolar surface area and chest wall compliance.
F. Conduction speed of CNS impulses: Decreases, leading to slower reaction times and reflexes.
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
A. Long-term memory
Generally stable, but not increased with age; may decline with pathology.
B. Functional ability of brain cells
Decreases with age due to neuron loss and slower neurotransmission.
C. Loss of neurons (brain cells)
There is a natural increase in the loss of brain cells with age.
D. Calcification of coronary arteries
This increases with age and contributes to cardiovascular disease risk.
E. Vital capacity
Decreases with age due to reduced lung compliance and muscle strength.
F. Conduction speed associated with synaptic transmission
Slows with age due to degenerative neural changes; it does not increase.
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