Which approach would be most appropriate when counseling a client who is a suspected victim of intimate partner violence?

Ask, "Have you ever been physically hurt by your partner?"

Offer the client a pamphlet about the local shelter for victims of intimate partner violence.

Call the client at home to ask some questions about the marriage.

Wait until the client comes in a few more times to make a better assessment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Ask, "Have you ever been physically hurt by your partner?":

This approach involves directly asking the client about their experience with intimate partner violence. While it's crucial to address the issue openly and directly, some clients may feel uncomfortable or unsafe disclosing abuse, especially during an initial encounter. However, for many clients, this direct approach can be empowering and may facilitate disclosure.

B. Offer the client a pamphlet about the local shelter for victims of intimate partner violence:

Providing informational resources about local shelters and support services can be a supportive and non-confrontational way to offer assistance to a client who may be experiencing intimate partner violence. It allows the client to access resources privately and at their own pace. However, it may not lead to immediate disclosure or intervention.

C. Call the client at home to ask some questions about the marriage:

Calling the client at home to inquire about their relationship may inadvertently escalate the situation and put the client at risk if the abusive partner overhears the conversation. It can also violate the client's privacy and autonomy, as they may not be comfortable discussing sensitive issues over the phone, especially if the abusive partner is present.

D. Wait until the client comes in a few more times to make a better assessment:

Delaying assessment and intervention can potentially prolong the client's exposure to abuse and increase their risk of harm. Intimate partner violence often escalates over time, so it's essential to address suspected abuse as soon as possible to ensure the client's safety and well-being.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hepatitis:

- Hepatitis viruses (such as hepatitis B and hepatitis C) primarily affect the liver and are not directly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections can lead to liver inflammation, cirrhosis, and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), but they do not specifically increase the risk of cervical cancer.

B. Human papillomavirus (HPV):

- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is strongly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that can infect the cells of the cervix, leading to cellular changes that may progress to cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer over time. Persistent infection with high-risk strains of HPV, particularly HPV types 16 and 18, is a major risk factor for the development of cervical cancer.

C. Cytomegalovirus (CMV):

- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus in the herpesvirus family. While CMV infection can cause complications in certain populations, such as congenital CMV infection in infants born to mothers with primary CMV infection during pregnancy, it is not known to be directly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer.

D. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV):

- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpesvirus that is best known for causing infectious mononucleosis (mono). EBV infection has been associated with certain types of cancers, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, EBV infection is not directly linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer.

A. immunization B. prenatal screening C. antibody titer screening D. frequent handwashing

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Immunization:

Currently, there is no licensed vaccine available for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Therefore, immunization is not a viable option for preventing CMV infection during pregnancy. While researchers are actively working on developing a CMV vaccine, it is not yet available for widespread use.

B. Prenatal screening:

Prenatal screening for CMV is not routinely performed during prenatal care. Screening for CMV during pregnancy is not typically recommended unless there is a specific clinical indication, such as maternal symptoms suggestive of acute CMV infection or fetal abnormalities detected on ultrasound. Therefore, prenatal screening is not a primary preventive measure for CMV infection during pregnancy.

C. Antibody titer screening:

Antibody titer screening for CMV is also not routinely performed during prenatal care. While some healthcare providers may offer CMV antibody testing in certain situations, such as for women with a known exposure to CMV or those at increased risk of primary CMV infection during pregnancy, it is not a standard practice for all pregnant women. Therefore, antibody titer screening is not a primary preventive measure for CMV infection during pregnancy.

D. Frequent handwashing:

Frequent handwashing is the most important preventive measure for reducing the risk of CMV infection during pregnancy. CMV is commonly transmitted through close contact with bodily fluids, such as saliva, urine, blood, and genital secretions. Proper hand hygiene, including washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after coming into contact with young children's saliva or urine, can help prevent the spread of CMV. This measure is crucial for pregnant women to reduce their risk of acquiring CMV and transmitting it to their unborn babies.

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Which approach would be most appropriate when counseling a client who is a suspected victim of intimate partner violence?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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