Name the following Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) values: pH 7.31, PaCO2 44, HCO3- 12

Respiratory Acidosis

Metabolic Alkalosis

Metabolic Acidosis

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Respiratory acidosis involves low pH and high PaCO2. Normal PaCO2 (44) and low HCO3- (12) point to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory, so this incorrect.

Choice B reason: Metabolic alkalosis has high pH and HCO3-. Low pH (7.31) and low HCO3- (12) rule this out, indicating metabolic acidosis, so this is incorrect.

Choice C reason: Low pH (7.31) and low HCO3- (12) with normal PaCO2 confirm metabolic acidosis, where acid accumulation lowers pH. This matches, making it the correct choice.

Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis has high pH and low PaCO2. Low pH and normal PaCO2 exclude this, pointing to metabolic acidosis, so this is incorrect.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason is that Zithromax (azithromycin) is not linked to cancer in women; this is inaccurate. QT prolongation is a known risk, especially in elderly patients with cardiac issues, so this is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Azithromycin can prolong the QT interval, risking arrhythmias, particularly in older women with heart rhythm issues. This explains the different prescribing, making it the correct choice.

Choice C reason: Zithromax’s effectiveness is not gender-specific; efficacy depends on the infection, not sex. The cardiac risk is the concern, so this is incorrect for the explanation.

Choice D reason: Cost or insurance is irrelevant to the medical decision. QT prolongation risk in this patient’s profile drives the choice, so this is incorrect.

A. It directly activates receptors to affect a specific physiologic process. B. It prevents receptor activation to affect a specific physiologic process. C. It directly activates receptors to affect many physiologic processes. D. It prevents receptor activation to affect many physiologic processes.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Nonselective agonists activate multiple receptors, not specific ones, leading to widespread effects. Specific processes are targeted by selective agonists, so this is incorrect for nonselective drugs.

Choice B reason: Nonselective agonists activate, not prevent, receptors. Prevention is the role of antagonists, so this is incorrect for a nonselective agonist’s mechanism of action.

Choice C reason: Nonselective agonists activate multiple receptor types, affecting many physiologic processes (e.g., epinephrine). This broad action is their hallmark, making it the correct choice for the drug’s effect.

Choice D reason: Preventing receptor activation describes antagonists, not agonists. Nonselective agonists stimulate multiple processes, so this is incorrect for the drug’s pharmacological action.

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Name the following Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) values: pH 7.31, PaCO2 44, HCO3- 12

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A female patient is questioning the nurse on why she can’t explain the same 5-day antibiotic (Zithromax) that her husband received. The patient is 65 with a history of and has an abnormal heart rhythm. The nurse explains that:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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