Which assessment finding indicates severe burn injury in a child?
Pain in affected area.
No pain with pale, leathery skin.
Mild erythema.
Blister formation.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Pain is a common symptom in superficial and partial-thickness burns where nerve endings are still intact. While pain indicates tissue damage, the absence of pain in a burn area can signify deeper and more severe injury where nerve endings have been destroyed.
Choice B rationale
No pain with pale, leathery skin is a characteristic finding of a full-thickness (third-degree) burn. The destruction of nerve endings eliminates pain sensation, and the skin appears dry, leathery, and may be white, charred, or translucent due to damage to all skin layers and underlying tissue.
Choice C rationale
Mild erythema, or redness of the skin, is characteristic of a superficial (first-degree) burn, such as a sunburn. These burns involve only the epidermis and are typically painful and without blisters.
Choice D rationale
Blister formation is a hallmark of partial-thickness (second-degree) burns, which involve the epidermis and part of the dermis. These burns are typically painful and moist.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
At 12 months, a child typically says their first single words with meaning, such as "mama" or "dada," and may understand simple commands. Reaching a vocabulary of 50 words is not expected at this early stage of language development.
Choice B rationale
By 24 months, most toddlers have experienced a significant language explosion and are typically able to say at least 50 words and are beginning to combine two words into simple phrases. This is a key milestone in language development.
Choice C rationale
At 36 months, a child's vocabulary has typically expanded significantly, often exceeding several hundred words. They are also using longer and more complex sentences. Saying only 50 words at this age would be considered a developmental delay.
Choice D rationale
At 15 months, children are typically in the stage of building their vocabulary beyond the initial single words. While some may be approaching a larger vocabulary, consistently saying 50 words is more characteristic of older toddlers closer to 24 months.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Oral contraceptive pills primarily work by suppressing ovulation and thinning the uterine lining, leading to lighter and less painful periods. While effective for dysmenorrhea, they are not typically the first-line treatment for a 12-year-old experiencing recent onset, as other less hormonally impactful options are usually tried first.
Choice B rationale
Increasing dairy intake primarily impacts bone health due to its calcium content. While calcium plays a role in muscle function, there is no strong scientific evidence directly linking increased dairy consumption to the reduction of menstrual pain caused by prostaglandins and uterine contractions in dysmenorrhea.
Choice C rationale
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which are key mediators of inflammation and pain. During menstruation, the uterus releases prostaglandins, causing contractions and pain. By blocking prostaglandin synthesis, NSAIDs effectively reduce the intensity of menstrual cramps. The medical term for severe pain during menstruation is dysmenorrhea.
Choice D rationale
Applying a heating pad to the abdomen provides localized warmth, which can help to relax the smooth muscles of the uterus and increase blood flow. This can offer symptomatic relief from menstrual cramps by reducing muscle spasms and alleviating discomfort, but it does not address the underlying physiological cause of dysmenorrhea.
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