Which comment made by a parent of a 1-month old would alert the nurse about the presence of a congenital heart defect?

"He is always hungry."

"He is fussy for several hours every day."

"He tires out during feedings."

"He sleeps all the time."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. "He is always hungry.": This is not typically a sign of a congenital heart defect. Many infants are hungry frequently as they grow, so this would not be an alerting sign.

B. "He is fussy for several hours every day.": Fussiness is common in infants and does not necessarily indicate a congenital heart defect.

C. "He tires out during feedings.": This is a concerning sign. Infants with congenital heart defects often have difficulty feeding due to poor oxygenation and energy reserves. Fatigue during feedings is a common symptom of heart defects.

D. "He sleeps all the time.": Sleeping a lot could be normal for a 1-month-old infant, and it would not necessarily indicate a congenital heart defect unless the infant is lethargic or difficult to rouse.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Measles: Typically presents with Koplik spots, a maculopapular rash, and fever, not a strawberry tongue or non-blistering rash.

B. Cardiomyopathy: Refers to a disease of the heart muscle; it does not cause a strawberry tongue or rash.

C. Tetralogy of Fallot: A congenital heart defect that presents with cyanosis and heart-related symptoms, not a strawberry tongue or rash.

D. Kawasaki Disease: Characterized by a strawberry tongue, fever, rash, conjunctivitis, and irritability, especially during the acute phase.

A. Methylprednisolone B. Albuterol C. Montelukast D. Fluticasone

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Methylprednisolone: Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation but is not the first-line treatment for an acute asthma attack. It is used in the management of longer-term control and inflammation after the initial symptoms are managed.

B. Albuterol: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) that provides quick relief by dilating the airways. It is the first medication given during an acute asthma attack to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow.

C. Montelukast: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control and prevention of asthma symptoms but is not used in an acute asthma attack.

D. Fluticasone: Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term management of asthma to reduce inflammation, but it is not effective in treating an acute asthma attack.

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Which comment made by a parent of a 1-month old would alert the nurse about the presence of a congenital heart defect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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