Which formula should be used to calculate a prevalence rate?

Number of new cases + number of old cases in a period of time / the total population x base multiple of 10

Number of true positives / number of true positives + number of false negatives

Number of true negatives / number of true negatives + number of false positives

Number of new cases in a period of time / total population x base multiple of 10

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Prevalence measures all cases (new and existing) of a disease in a population at a given time. This formula captures total burden, like diabetes cases, divided by population, adjusted by a base (e.g., 1000), reflecting overall disease presence accurately.

Choice B reason: This formula calculates sensitivity, not prevalence. It’s used in diagnostics to assess true positive rates for diseases like cancer against missed cases, focusing on test accuracy, not the total number of affected individuals in a population over time.

Choice C reason: This represents specificity, evaluating true negatives in diagnostic testing, not prevalence. It’s relevant for ruling out disease, like tuberculosis, but doesn’t quantify how many people currently have it within a population, missing the broader epidemiological scope entirely.

Choice D reason: This defines incidence, not prevalence, counting only new cases over time, like annual flu cases. It excludes existing cases, underrepresenting the total disease load in a population, which prevalence aims to capture comprehensively for health planning.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Assessing symptoms is secondary; observing treatment is tertiary. This errors per prevention levels. It’s universally distinct, detection-focused.

Choice B reason: X-rays detect TB, a secondary step; observing is tertiary. This misaligns with nursing standards. It’s universally distinct, not treatment.

Choice C reason: Skin test interpretation is secondary; observing manages TB. This errors per public health levels. It’s universally distinct, screening-based.

Choice D reason: Direct observation ensures TB treatment, a tertiary strategy. This aligns with nursing standards. It’s universally applied, distinctly post-diagnosis care.

A. Secondary Prevention B. Policy Development C. Assessment D. Assurance

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Secondary prevention screens; partnerships build solutions. Policy fits, per nursing. This errors in category. It’s universally distinct.

Choice B reason: Mobilizing partnerships to solve health issues is policy development. This aligns with public health standards. It’s universally applied, distinctly accurate.

Choice C reason: Assessment identifies problems; partnerships enact solutions. This misaligns with core functions. It’s universally distinct, not action-oriented.

Choice D reason: Assurance ensures services, not partnership mobilization. Policy applies, per nursing. This errors in focus. It’s universally distinct.

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Which formula should be used to calculate a prevalence rate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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