The nurse understands that which of the following is the most common vector-borne disease is a result of travelers introducing the disease to the United States?

Dengue

Malaria

Onchocerciasis (river blindness)

Yellow fever

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Dengue: Dengue is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and is found in tropical regions, but it is less commonly imported to the U.S. than malaria.

B. Malaria: Malaria is the most frequently imported vector-borne disease in the U.S. due to international travelers coming from endemic areas (Africa, South Asia, South America). It is transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.

C. Onchocerciasis (river blindness): This disease is primarily found in Africa and is not commonly imported to the U.S. by travelers.

D. Yellow fever: While yellow fever exists in endemic areas, travelers are often vaccinated before visiting these regions, reducing its importation risk.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Reassure the student that it is just a bad cold and will soon pass: This dismisses the symptoms and delays necessary public health intervention.

B. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible measles exposure: Koplik spots (small white spots inside the cheeks) are a classic early sign of measles, which is highly contagious. Prompt notification is needed to prevent an outbreak.

C. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible rubella epidemic: While rubella also causes a rash, it does not present with Koplik spots.

D. Tell the student to take two acetaminophen and drink lots of fluids: Symptomatic relief is important but does not address the risk of measles transmission.

A. Number of true negatives/number of true negatives + number of false positives. B. Number of new cases in a period of time/the total population x base multiple of 10. C. Number of true positives/number of true positives + number of false negatives. D. Number of new cases+ number old cases in a period of time/the total population x base multiple of 10.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Number of true negatives / (true negatives + false positives): This formula is used to calculate specificity, not incidence.

B. Number of new cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: Incidence rate measures the number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a specific period. It is expressed per a base population size (e.g., per 1,000 or 100,000 people) to allow for comparisons across different populations.

C. Number of true positives / (true positives + false negatives): This formula is used to calculate sensitivity, not incidence.

D. Number of new cases + number of old cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: This describes prevalence, which includes both new and existing cases, not incidence.

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The nurse understands that which of the following is the most common vector-borne disease is a result of travelers introducing the disease to the United States?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A student comes to the college health clinic with typical cold symptoms of fever, sneezing, and coughing, but the nurse also notes a rash with small white spots on the inside of the student's cheeks. Which of the following actions should be taken by the college health nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which formula should be used to calculate an incidence rate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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