Which is a long-term goal for a patient?

A. Changing the subject:
Changing the subject refers to diverting the conversation away from the topic the patient wants to discuss. This can be seen as a blocking technique if used to avoid uncomfortable or challenging discussions. It's essential to stay focused on the patient's concerns to ensure effective communication.

B. Offering false reassurance:
Offering false reassurance occurs when a healthcare provider tries to comfort a patient by stating that everything will be fine, even if they cannot guarantee the outcome. While well-intentioned, this can hinder communication because it may discourage the patient from sharing their genuine concerns, fearing they won't be taken seriously.

C. Inattentive listening:
Inattentive listening happens when a healthcare provider is physically present but not mentally engaged in the conversation. This can occur due to distractions or preoccupation with other thoughts. It hampers effective communication because the patient may feel neglected or unheard, leading to dissatisfaction and misunderstandings.

D. Giving information:
Providing information is a fundamental aspect of healthcare communication. However, if done without actively listening to the patient's concerns or without considering their emotional state, it might not address the underlying issues. Effective communication involves both giving information and actively listening to the patient's thoughts, feelings, and questions.

A. Orders for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures such as laboratory tests or x-rays:
This refers to medical orders, which are instructions given by a physician for diagnostic tests or treatments. These orders are not part of the nursing care plan. Nurses execute these orders but do not create them.

B. Laboratory and x-ray reports, pathology reports, and the medication record:
These are patient records and reports. While nurses use this information to inform their care, the reports themselves are not the nursing care plan. Nurses analyze these reports to make informed decisions regarding patient care.

C. Nursing orders for individualized interventions to assist the patient to meet expected outcomes:
This is the correct choice. Nursing care plans involve identifying the patient's nursing diagnoses (health issues that nurses can address), setting specific and measurable outcomes, planning interventions tailored to the patient's needs, and evaluating the outcomes. It's a holistic approach designed to address the patient's unique health challenges.

D. The physician's history and physical examination, as well as medical diagnoses:
This refers to the medical diagnosis and assessment, which are critical for understanding the patient's overall health. While nurses consider this information, the nursing care plan specifically focuses on nursing interventions and care strategies, making it distinct from the medical diagnosis.