Which lab values would you expect to see when a patient with type 1 diabetes presents in ketoacidosis?
Increased serum bicarbonate
Decreased serum potassium
Urine pH 4.0 (expected range 4.5 to 8)
Serum pH of 7.5 (expected range 7.35 to 7.45)
The Correct Answer is C
A. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), serum bicarbonate is typically decreased, not increased. The decrease is due to metabolic acidosis resulting from the accumulation of ketones.
B. Serum potassium is often elevated in DKA initially due to the shift of potassium from inside the cells to the bloodstream as a result of acidosis. However, potassium levels may drop with treatment, especially with insulin administration, which drives potassium back into cells.
C. Urine pH in DKA is often acidic due to the presence of ketones, which are acidic byproducts of fat metabolism. A urine pH of 4.0 indicates aciduria, which is consistent with ketoacidosis.
D. Serum pH in DKA is typically low (below 7.35), indicating acidosis. A serum pH of 7.5 would suggest alkalosis, which is not typical of DKA.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Drinking 400 ml every hour is not a typical recommendation for bowel preparation with PEG. The client is usually instructed to drink a specific volume, but it is typically more than 400 ml at once and spread over a specific time frame, often 1-2 liters over several hours.
B. Abdominal bloating is a common side effect of polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solutions. The solution works by drawing water into the intestines to induce bowel movements, and this can lead to temporary bloating or discomfort.
C. While it is important to stay hydrated during the bowel prep, the recommendation to drink an additional liter of fluid is not typically included in the instructions. The PEG solution itself is designed to maintain fluid balance, and additional water may be advised, but this is not the standard guideline.
D. Bowel movements typically begin shortly after starting the PEG solution, often within 1-2 hours, rather than waiting 3 hours. The exact timing can vary, but 3 hours is longer than usual for the first bowel movement to occur.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This option is incorrect because impaired sodium excretion by the kidneys does contribute to increased peripheral vascular resistance and hypertension.
B. Impaired sodium excretion by the kidneys can lead to fluid retention, which increases blood volume. This results in increased peripheral vascular resistance, a key factor in the development of hypertension.
C. Overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system typically causes a reduction in heart rate and vasodilation, which would generally lower blood pressure, not contribute to hypertension.
D. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure. Reduced secretion of renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone would not contribute to increased peripheral vascular resistance. In fact, these systems typically work to raise blood pressure when needed.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.