Which lab values would you expect to see when a patient with type 1 diabetes presents in ketoacidosis?
Increased serum bicarbonate
Decreased serum potassium
Urine pH 4.0 (expected range 4.5 to 8)
Serum pH of 7.5 (expected range 7.35 to 7.45)
The Correct Answer is C
A. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), serum bicarbonate is typically decreased, not increased. The decrease is due to metabolic acidosis resulting from the accumulation of ketones.
B. Serum potassium is often elevated in DKA initially due to the shift of potassium from inside the cells to the bloodstream as a result of acidosis. However, potassium levels may drop with treatment, especially with insulin administration, which drives potassium back into cells.
C. Urine pH in DKA is often acidic due to the presence of ketones, which are acidic byproducts of fat metabolism. A urine pH of 4.0 indicates aciduria, which is consistent with ketoacidosis.
D. Serum pH in DKA is typically low (below 7.35), indicating acidosis. A serum pH of 7.5 would suggest alkalosis, which is not typical of DKA.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Progeria, also known as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), is characterized by accelerated aging. One of the biochemical changes observed in this condition is an increase in hyaluronic acid levels, which is associated with skin changes and the premature aging process seen in affected individuals.
B. Low levels of glutamate are not characteristic of progeria. Glutamate is a neurotransmitter, and its levels are not typically altered in progeria.
C. High levels of thyroxine are not associated with progeria. Thyroxine levels are related to thyroid function, and there is no direct link between high thyroxine levels and progeria.
D. Low levels of calcitonin are not characteristic of progeria. Calcitonin is a hormone involved in calcium regulation, and its levels are not notably altered in progeria.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Weakness, vomiting, hypotension, and mental confusion may occur in cases of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), but these are more acute signs of severe complications rather than early symptoms of type 1 diabetes.
B. Vomiting, abdominal pain, sweet fruity breath, dehydration, and Kussmaul breathing are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a serious complication that typically develops after the onset of type 1 diabetes, not early symptoms.
C. Polydipsia (excessive thirst), polyuria (frequent urination), polyphagia (excessive hunger), weight loss, and fatigue are classic early signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes due to the body's inability to regulate blood glucose levels properly.
D. Recurrent infections, visual changes, and paresthesia (numbness or tingling) are typically associated with long-term, poorly controlled diabetes, not early signs of type 1 diabetes.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.