Which of the following best describes excoriation disorder?

A. Fear of abandonment. Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have an intense fear of abandonment, leading to frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined rejection. This fear often results in unstable relationships, clingy behavior, or extreme emotional reactions to perceived neglect.

B. No remorse. Lack of remorse is characteristic of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), not BPD. People with BPD may experience guilt, regret, and self-loathing, particularly after impulsive actions or relationship conflicts. Unlike ASPD, they do not engage in manipulative or harmful behavior without concern for others' feelings.

C. Mood swings. Rapid and intense mood swings are a hallmark of BPD. Affected individuals may shift from euphoria to despair within hours, often triggered by interpersonal stressors. This emotional instability contributes to self-destructive behaviors and difficulty maintaining relationships.

D. Impulsivity. People with BPD frequently engage in impulsive and reckless behaviors, such as substance abuse, binge eating, reckless driving, or self-harm. These behaviors are often driven by emotional dysregulation and difficulty coping with distress.

A. Eccentric. Individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) exhibit odd or eccentric behaviors, speech, and thought patterns. They may dress unusually, speak in vague or metaphorical ways, or hold bizarre beliefs that are not delusional but are far outside societal norms.

B. Mood swings. Frequent mood swings are not a characteristic feature of schizotypal personality disorder. Instead, they are more commonly seen in borderline personality disorder (BPD) or bipolar disorder. While individuals with STPD may experience transient emotional disturbances, their symptoms are more related to social detachment and cognitive distortions than rapid mood fluctuations.

C. Social anxiety. People with STPD experience intense social anxiety, often due to paranoia and distrust of others rather than fear of judgment (as seen in social anxiety disorder). Their discomfort in social situations does not improve with familiarity, leading to persistent isolation.

D. Paranoid. Paranoia is a core symptom of schizotypal personality disorder. Individuals with STPD often have suspiciousness and odd beliefs, such as thinking others are plotting against them or misinterpreting benign events as having hidden meanings. This paranoid thinking contributes to their social withdrawal and difficulty forming close relationships.