Which of the following classes of medication decreases heart rate, contractility, and blood pressure, and is used to increase survival rates in post-myocardial infarction patients?
ACE inhibitors
Vasodilators
Beta blockers
Diuretics
The Correct Answer is C
A. ACE inhibitors primarily affect blood pressure and heart remodeling but do not directly decrease heart rate or contractility.
B. Vasodilators mainly lower blood pressure by expanding blood vessels and do not primarily affect heart rate or contractility.
C. Beta blockers decrease heart rate, contractility, and blood pressure, and are specifically used to improve survival after a heart attack by reducing the heart's workload and oxygen demand.
D. Diuretics primarily reduce blood pressure by decreasing blood volume but do not directly decrease heart rate or contractility.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. ACE inhibitors may be started later to manage heart failure or hypertension after a heart attack but are not typically given acutely during a myocardial infarction.
B. Thrombolytics, such as alteplase, are given as soon as possible after a heart attack to dissolve the blood clot causing the blockage in the coronary artery.
C. Aspirin is commonly administered during a heart attack to help prevent further clot formation and reduce the risk of complications.
D. Potassium-sparing diuretics are not typically given during a myocardial infarction but may be used later in the management of heart failure.
E. Beta blockers are commonly given during and after a heart attack to reduce the heart's workload, decrease oxygen demand, and improve survival rates.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Organic nitrates do not increase contractility and heart rate; they typically decrease myocardial oxygen demand.
B. Organic nitrates do not slow heart rate or decrease contractility of the heart.
C. The mechanism of action of organic nitrates in the treatment of angina is the relaxation of arterial and venous smooth muscle, leading to vasodilation and decreased myocardial oxygen demand.
D. Organic nitrates do not increase peripheral resistance; they typically cause vasodilation.
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