Which of the following is a structure that protects the airway during the process of swallowing?
Trachea
Epiglottis
Uvula
Pharynx
The Correct Answer is B
A. The trachea is the windpipe that carries air to the lungs. While it plays a role in respiration, it does not protect the airway during swallowing.
B. The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food or liquid from entering the airway and directing it to the esophagus.
C. The uvula is part of the soft palate that helps in the swallowing process but does not directly protect the airway. It assists in preventing food from entering the nasal cavity.
D. The pharynx is the passageway for both air and food, but it does not provide protection to the airway during swallowing. The epiglottis is the main structure responsible for this protection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. During the expiratory phase of respiration, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and forcing air out of the lungs. This is a key part of the breathing process.
B. Oxygen is not taken into the lungs during expiration. Instead, expiration is the process of expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs after oxygen has been absorbed during inspiration.
C. The diaphragm contracts during the inspiratory phase to increase the volume of the lungs and draw air in, not during expiration.
D. Oxygen is not released from the lungs during expiration; rather, carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs as a waste product of metabolism.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle tissue, not smooth muscle. Cardiac muscle is specialized for rhythmic contractions to pump blood.
B. The rectus abdominis is composed of skeletal muscle tissue, which is voluntary and allows for movement of the trunk.
C. The esophagus contains smooth muscle tissue in its walls, which is responsible for the involuntary contractions (peristalsis) that move food from the mouth to the stomach.
D. The pectoralis major is composed of skeletal muscle tissue, which allows for voluntary control of arm movements.
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