Which of the following is a structure that protects the airway during the process of swallowing?
Trachea
Epiglottis
Uvula
Pharynx
The Correct Answer is B
A. The trachea is the windpipe that carries air to the lungs. While it plays a role in respiration, it does not protect the airway during swallowing.
B. The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food or liquid from entering the airway and directing it to the esophagus.
C. The uvula is part of the soft palate that helps in the swallowing process but does not directly protect the airway. It assists in preventing food from entering the nasal cavity.
D. The pharynx is the passageway for both air and food, but it does not provide protection to the airway during swallowing. The epiglottis is the main structure responsible for this protection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Suppressed red blood cell count is typically associated with conditions like anemia or bone marrow issues, not directly with pancreatic dysfunction.
B. Elevated cholesterol levels may result from metabolic conditions, but they are not a primary consequence of pancreatic dysfunction.
C. Elevated blood sugar is a primary result of pancreatic dysfunction, especially in cases like diabetes mellitus, where the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body becomes resistant to insulin.
D. Suppressed immune system is not a direct result of pancreatic dysfunction. However, chronic conditions such as diabetes can affect immune function over time, but it is not the primary effect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Histamine does not primarily affect the respiratory rate; its main action is on blood vessels and smooth muscle.
B. Histamine is a chemical released during allergic reactions and inflammation, and one of its primary effects is vasodilation, which leads to increased blood flow to affected tissues. This can result in symptoms such as redness and swelling.
C. Histamine generally causes bronchoconstriction, not bronchodilation, which can lead to symptoms such as wheezing and difficulty breathing, especially in conditions like asthma.
D. Histamine does not directly affect heart rate, but it can influence blood pressure through its vasodilatory effects.
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