Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of a lumbar herniated disc?
Radiating pain down the leg
Headache
Difficulty breathing
Blurred vision
The Correct Answer is A
A. A lumbar herniated disc commonly causes radiating pain down the leg, known as sciatica. This occurs when the herniated disc compresses a nerve root, often causing pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness that radiates down the leg.
B. Headache is not a typical symptom of a lumbar herniated disc. Headaches are generally associated with conditions affecting the head or neck, not the lower back.
C. Difficulty breathing is not associated with a lumbar herniated disc. Breathing problems are typically related to respiratory or cardiac conditions, not issues with the spine.
D. Blurred vision is not a symptom of a lumbar herniated disc. Vision changes are more often related to eye or neurological issues affecting the brain, not the lower back.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A positive Romberg sign (difficulty maintaining balance with eyes closed) can indicate a neurological issue, but it is not directly associated with a migraine.
B. A subnormal temperature (low body temperature) is not typically associated with migraines and may indicate another issue, but it is not as concerning as other findings.
C. An ill college roommate might suggest a viral illness, but it is not a direct concern for the student’s migraine. Migraines are not contagious, and other signs of illness would be more concerning.
D. Positive Brudzinski sign, which involves involuntary flexion of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed, is indicative of meningeal irritation, a sign of meningitis. This is a medical emergency and much more concerning than the symptoms of a migraine. The student should be further assessed for signs of meningitis, which requires urgent treatment.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A thrombotic stroke is typically caused by a blood clot that forms in an artery supplying blood to the brain, usually due to atherosclerosis. While it is a possible cause of stroke, it is not the most likely in this patient with atrial fibrillation.
B. A cerebral aneurysm involves a weakness in the blood vessel wall that can lead to rupture and bleeding, causing a hemorrhagic stroke, but this is not the most common type of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.
C. Embolic stroke occurs when a clot or other debris (such as a thrombus) breaks off from a distant part of the body (like the heart in atrial fibrillation) and travels to the brain, blocking a cerebral artery. This is the most common type of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation due to the formation of clots in the left atrium that can embolize to the brain.
D. Hemorrhagic stroke is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, leading to bleeding. It is not the most common type of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, though it can occur if there is coagulopathy or anticoagulant therapy.
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