Which of the following is made up of smooth muscle tissue?
Heart
Rectus abdominis
Esophagus
Pectoralis major
The Correct Answer is C
A. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle tissue, not smooth muscle. Cardiac muscle is specialized for rhythmic contractions to pump blood.
B. The rectus abdominis is composed of skeletal muscle tissue, which is voluntary and allows for movement of the trunk.
C. The esophagus contains smooth muscle tissue in its walls, which is responsible for the involuntary contractions (peristalsis) that move food from the mouth to the stomach.
D. The pectoralis major is composed of skeletal muscle tissue, which allows for voluntary control of arm movements.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Flexion refers to a bending movement that decreases the angle between two body parts, such as bending the knee or elbow, but it does not involve lateral movement away from the body's midline.
B. Adduction is the movement of a body part toward the midline of the body, opposite of what the question describes.
C. Extension refers to a straightening movement that increases the angle between two body parts, such as straightening the arm or leg, but again does not involve lateral movement.
D. Abduction is the correct term for moving a limb or body part away from the midline of the body. In this case, it refers to the lateral movement of the leg away from the body's midline.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. As previously noted, the length of the thoracic cavity increases, not decreases, during the contraction of inspiratory muscles.
B. The diaphragm moves downward (not upward) when it contracts, allowing the lungs to expand.
C. The contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostals increases the diameter of the thoracic cavity, providing space for the lungs to expand and fill with air. This is the correct answer.
D. The chest cavity does not compress the lungs during inspiration; instead, it expands to accommodate the lungs as they fill with air.
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