A nursing instructor is describing a situation in which a client with tuberculosis periodically visits his primary health care provider and demonstrates taking his medication in front of the nurse.
The instructor is describing which of the following?

Initial phase of treatment.

Continuation phase of treatment.

Directly observed therapy.

Adherence evaluation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

The initial phase of treatment in tuberculosis management involves the first few weeks of intensive drug therapy when the goal is to reduce the bacterial load and prevent drug resistance. During this phase, the client typically takes multiple medications, but there is no requirement for direct observation by a healthcare provider.

Choice B rationale:

The continuation phase of treatment occurs after the initial phase in tuberculosis management. It focuses on preventing relapse and the complete eradication of the bacteria. During this phase, the client takes fewer medications, but there is no direct observation of medication administration.

Choice C rationale:

Directly observed therapy (DOT) is a strategy used in tuberculosis treatment where a healthcare provider or trained observer directly watches the client take their medications. This is particularly important to ensure adherence and prevent drug resistance. The description in the question aligns with the practice of DOT.

Choice D rationale:

Adherence evaluation refers to assessing how well a client follows their treatment plan, but it doesn't necessarily involve observing medication administration. While adherence evaluation is essential, the scenario described in the question specifically mentions the client demonstrating medication intake in front of a nurse, which corresponds to DOT.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Alkylating agents. Alkylating agents are not cell cycle-specific. These agents work by directly binding to DNA and interfering with the cell's ability to replicate and divide. Their action is not limited to a specific phase of the cell cycle, making them non-cell cycle-specific agents. Alkylating agents are often used in cancer chemotherapy to prevent cell division and growth.

Choice C rationale:

Antineoplastic antibiotics. Antineoplastic antibiotics are not cell cycle-specific either. These drugs, such as doxorubicin and bleomycin, work by disrupting DNA and RNA synthesis and are used to treat various types of cancer. However, they do not specifically target cells in a particular phase of the cell cycle.

Choice D rationale:

Retinoids. Retinoids are not cell cycle-specific antineoplastic agents. Retinoids are compounds related to vitamin A and are used for various medical purposes, including some cancer treatments. However, their mechanism of action is not tied to a specific phase of the cell cycle, making them non-cell cycle-specific.

Choice B rationale:

Plant alkaloids. Plant alkaloids, such as vinca alkaloids (vincristine and vinblastine) and taxanes (paclitaxel), are considered cell cycle-specific antineoplastic drugs. These agents interfere with microtubule function, which is critical during mitosis (cell division). By disrupting microtubules, they specifically target rapidly dividing cancer cells during the M phase of the cell cycle. This selectivity for actively dividing cells makes plant alkaloids cell cycle-specific antineoplastic drugs.

A. Lymphoma. B. Angioneurotic edema. C. Acute renal failure. D. Reye's syndrome.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Lymphoma is not a known adverse effect of aspirin use. Reye's syndrome, a rare but severe condition, is associated with aspirin use in children recovering from viral infections such as chickenpox or influenza. Therefore, it is important to be alert to the development of Reye's syndrome when aspirin is administered to a child with these infections.

Choice B rationale:

Angioneurotic edema is not a typical adverse effect of aspirin use in children with chickenpox. Reye's syndrome is the more relevant concern.

Choice C rationale:

Acute renal failure is not a direct result of aspirin use for fever in children. The primary concern in this context is Reye's syndrome, which affects the brain and liver.

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A nursing instructor is describing a situation in which a client with tuberculosis periodically visits his primary health care provider and demonstrates taking his medication in front of the nurse.The instructor is describing which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A group of nursing students are reviewing antineoplastic drugs.The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as cell cycle specific?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The parents of a child who is recovering from chickenpox tell the nurse that they gave the child aspirin for his fever.The nurse would be alert to the development of which of the following?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nursing instructor is describing a situation in which a client with tuberculosis periodically visits his primary health care provider and demonstrates taking his medication in front of the nurse.
The instructor is describing which of the following?