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Which procedure is contraindicated in patients with known renal insufficiency or diabetes mellitus?

A.

flat plate

B.

Intravenous pyelogram

C.

ultrasonography

D.

renal scan

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Flat plate: A flat plate of the abdomen (plain X-ray) is safe and does not involve contrast dye.

B. Intravenous pyelogram: This procedure involves the use of contrast dye, which is nephrotoxic and contraindicated in patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes mellitus due to the risk of worsening kidney function.

C. Ultrasonography: Ultrasounds do not involve dye or radiation and are safe for patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes.

D. Renal scan: While renal scans can involve radioactive material, they are generally safer for assessing kidney function in these patients compared to an IV pyelogram.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Polyuria: Polyuria refers to excessive urination, not painful or burning sensations.

B. Hematuria: Hematuria refers to blood in the urine, not burning or pain during urination.

C. Anuria: Anuria refers to the absence of urine production.

D. Dysuria: Dysuria is the medical term used to describe pain or burning during urination.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Equal to the excretion of urea: Urea excretion contributes to osmolality but does not define it.

B. In a ratio of 10:1 with the serum: This is not a recognized ratio for urine and serum osmolality.

C. Approximately half of the serum: In a healthy kidney, urine osmolality may vary but typically equals serum osmolality in a state of balance.

D. Equal to the osmolality of the serum: Under normal conditions, the kidney regulates urine osmolality to maintain a balance with serum osmolality, reflecting adequate kidney function.

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