Which procedure is contraindicated in patients with known renal insufficiency or diabetes mellitus?
flat plate
Intravenous pyelogram
ultrasonography
renal scan
The Correct Answer is A
A. Flat plate: A flat plate of the abdomen (plain X-ray) is safe and does not involve contrast dye.
B. Intravenous pyelogram: This procedure involves the use of contrast dye, which is nephrotoxic and contraindicated in patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes mellitus due to the risk of worsening kidney function.
C. Ultrasonography: Ultrasounds do not involve dye or radiation and are safe for patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes.
D. Renal scan: While renal scans can involve radioactive material, they are generally safer for assessing kidney function in these patients compared to an IV pyelogram.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Decreasing ability to concentrate or dilute urine: Age-related changes in kidney function reduce the ability to regulate urine concentration.
B. Decreasing erythropoietin: Reduced erythropoietin production in older adults can lead to anemia.
C. Sclerosis of renal blood vessels: Age-related vascular changes reduce kidney perfusion and function.
D. Thinning of nephron membranes: This is not a typical age-related change; nephron membranes generally remain structurally intact.
E. Decreasing glomerular filtration: The decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with age impacts drug clearance and overall kidney function.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Inject the ordered amount of heparin into the fistula: Heparin is not used to treat occlusion in a fistula without specific orders or a proper diagnostic workup.
B. Apply warm compresses and lower the arm below the heart level: These interventions are not effective for resolving an absent trill in an AV fistula.
C. Send the patient to dialysis for remedy: The absence of a trill requires immediate assessment before considering dialysis treatment.
D. Report to the charge nurse that the fistula is occluded: An absent trill may indicate occlusion or thrombosis of the AV fistula, which requires urgent evaluation and intervention.
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