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Which situation would be appropriate to refer to the hospital ethics committee?

Parents are shocked when their child is diagnosed with a malignant bone tumor. The orthopedic surgeon discusses the options of limb amputation and a limb-salvage procedure. The parents are asked to consider each option.

A child in end-stage renal failure is placed on the renal transplant list. The parents are asked to sign permission for surgery after a cadaver kidney is located. One parent is out of town and gives telephone consent.

After initial therapies have failed, a child with leukemia is evaluated for a new cancer protocol. The child, age 8 years, gives assent for the new treatment, and his parents give their consent.

The physician recommends that a young child be taken off the ventilator. The parents, who are divorced and have joint custody of the child, have differing views about whether to discontinue the ventilator.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: This situation does not require the involvement of the hospital ethics committee, as the parents are not refusing or requesting any treatment that is contrary to the standard of care. The surgeon is providing them with information and options, and the parents are free to make their own decision.

Choice B reason: This situation does not involve any ethical dilemma, as the parents are giving their permission for the surgery, and the telephone consent is legally valid. The hospital ethics committee is not needed to resolve any conflict or uncertainty.

Choice C reason: This situation is an example of ethical research involving children, as the child is giving assent and the parents are giving consent for the new protocol. The hospital ethics committee is not required to intervene, as the research protocol has already been approved by the institutional review board.

Choice D reason: This situation is an appropriate case for the hospital ethics committee, as it involves a life-and-death decision that affects the child's best interests and the parents' rights. The hospital ethics committee can help to mediate the conflict, provide guidance, and facilitate a resolution.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Stridor is a high-pitched, harsh sound that occurs during inspiration. It is caused by the narrowing of the upper airway due to inflammation and edema. Stridor is a characteristic sign of croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis.

Choice B reason: Wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds that occur during expiration. They are caused by the narrowing of the lower airway due to bronchoconstriction or mucus. Wheezes are more common in asthma than in croup.

Choice C reason: Crackles are fine, crackling sounds that occur during inspiration. They are caused by the opening of collapsed or fluid-filled alveoli. Crackles are more common in pneumonia or heart failure than in croup.

Choice D reason: Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring sounds that occur during expiration. They are caused by the vibration of mucus in the large airways. Rhonchi are more common in bronchitis or cystic fibrosis than in croup.

A. APT B. Numeric C. FLACC D. FACES

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: APT stands for Acute Pain Team, which is a multidisciplinary team that provides pain management for patients. It is not a tool to assess pain.

Choice B reason: Numeric is a pain scale that uses numbers from 0 to 10 to rate the intensity of pain. It is not suitable for a 4-year-old child who may not understand the concept of numbers or have difficulty expressing their pain level.

Choice C reason: FLACC stands for Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability. It is a pain scale that uses behavioral cues to assess pain in infants and young children who are unable to verbalize their pain. It is more appropriate for children under 3 years of age.

Choice D reason: FACES is a pain scale that uses facial expressions to indicate the level of pain. It is suitable for a 4-year-old child who can point to the face that matches their pain. It is a simple and easy way to assess pain in children.

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Which situation would be appropriate to refer to the hospital ethics committee?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The parent of a toddler calls the nurse, asking about croup. What is a distinguishing manifestation of croup?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

While caring for a 4-year-old, the nurse uses which tool to assess pain?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which assessment indicates to a nurse that a school-age child is in need of pain medication?

Over half of all violent offenders in prison were physically or sexually abused as children.

When assessing a child's pain, the best approach is for the nurse to:

A 5-year-old child is on the pediatric unit 6 hours post-op for a tonsillectomy. He is spitting up clear mucus and refusing to drink because his throat hurts. What should be the priority nursing action?

Which intervention for treating croup at home should be taught to parents?

The parent of a toddler calls the nurse, asking about croup. What is a distinguishing manifestation of croup?

The nurse discovers welts on the back of a child whose parents identify as 1st generation Vietnamese. The mother states she rubbed the edge of a coin on her child's oiled back. The nurse should recognize that this is:

The nurse is using the FLACC scale to evaluate pain in a preverbal child. The nurse makes the following assessment: Face: occasional grimace; Leg: relaxed; Activity: squirming, tense; Cry: no cry; Consolability: content, relaxed. The nurse records the patient's pain using the FLACC assessment as: