Which statement is most accurate concerning middle-range nursing theories?
They are not used extensively in high-level nursing research.
They form the foundation for the current evidence-based practice movement.
They do not focus on abstract concepts.
They are often developed into major nursing theories.
The Correct Answer is B
They are not used extensively in high-level nursing research:This statement is not accurate. Middle-range nursing theories are frequently utilized in nursing research. They provide a bridge between grand theories (which are broad and abstract) and specific nursing practice situations, making them valuable in research settings.
They form the foundation for the current evidence-based practice movement: This statement is accurate. Middle-range nursing theories are often the basis for evidence-based practice. They offer practical frameworks and specific concepts that can be tested and applied in clinical settings, contributing significantly to the development of evidence-based nursing practices.
They do not focus on abstract concepts: This statement is not entirely accurate. While middle-range theories are more specific and focused than grand theories, they can still include abstract concepts. However, these concepts are more directly related to specific nursing phenomena, making them more applicable and tangible for nursing practice.
They are often developed into major nursing theories: This statement is not accurate. Middle-range nursing theories are distinct from major nursing theories. Major nursing theories are broader and more abstract, often encompassing multiple aspects of nursing practice. Middle-range theories, on the other hand, are more focused and specific, addressing particular issues or phenomena within nursing practice.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Middle-range theories have a large number of variables, while grand theories have only a few:Both middle-range theories and grand theories can have varying numbers of variables. The number of variables is not the distinguishing factor between them.
Grand theories are socially significant, while middle-range theories have theoretical significance: Grand theories often have a broader scope and are more abstract, addressing fundamental concepts related to nursing and health. They tend to be more theoretical and less focused on specific practical applications. Middle-range theories, on the other hand, are more specific and are developed to explain and predict limited aspects of nursing practice, making them applicable to particular situations. While grand theories might be seen as socially significant due to their broader concepts, middle-range theories are valuable for their theoretical significance in guiding specific areas of practice.
Middle-range theories form a theoretical framework for evidence-based practice (EBP) research projects: Middle-range theories are often used in nursing research and practice to guide specific research questions and interventions. They provide a structured framework for understanding and addressing specific phenomena, making them valuable in evidence-based practice initiatives.
There are fewer middle-range theories than there are grand theories: The number of theories in both categories can vary, and it's not accurate to say that there are inherently fewer middle-range theories than grand theories. Both categories have contributed significantly to the development of nursing knowledge, and the quantity of theories in each category does not define their value or impact.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A local politician is admitted after an automobile accident in which he was inebriated.
Breaching confidentiality might be necessary in this situation due to public safety concerns and legal obligations. If the politician was inebriated, it could imply illegal activity (driving under the influence) and could endanger others on the road. Reporting this to the appropriate authorities might be required by law.
An 18-year-old unwed teenager seeks abortion at an abortion clinic.
In most cases, healthcare providers are bound by confidentiality, even for sensitive issues like abortion. However, laws regarding confidentiality can vary by location, so nurses should be aware of local regulations. Typically, a teenager's confidentiality might be breached only if there's a concern for the minor's safety (such as abuse) or if there are specific local laws requiring parental involvement.
A 32-year-old housewife comes to the emergency room for care after being raped in a parking lot.
Healthcare providers, including nurses, must preserve the confidentiality of patients who have experienced sexual assault. Breaching confidentiality without the patient's consent in this situation would not be ethical and could deter survivors from seeking help.
An important member of the business community is treated for cuts and bruises after fighting with his neighbor.
The patient's status in the community does not justify breaching confidentiality. Healthcare providers are generally obligated to maintain patient confidentiality regardless of the person's social or economic status.
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