Which statement is true concerning advanced directives?
The document will name a durable power of attorney for health care (DPOAHC), who will make all medical decisions for the client, regardless of the client's mental status.
The document means nothing to the nurse because the attending physician will decide the client's care.
The document is a tool for client self-determination. It allows the client to express their desire for life-sustaining care when they are incapacitated.
The nurse may assume the client is dying, and he or she will not call a "Rapid Response" or "Code Blue" if the client's status deteriorates.
The Correct Answer is C
The document will name a durable power of attorney for health care (DPOAHC), who will make all medical decisions for the client, regardless of the client's mental status: This statement is partially correct. Advanced directives may include naming a healthcare proxy or DPOAHC, but their decisions are typically in line with the client's expressed wishes, especially if those wishes are documented in the advanced directive.
The document means nothing to the nurse because the attending physician will decide the client's care: This statement is incorrect. Advanced directives are legally binding documents that guide medical decisions when the client is unable to communicate or make decisions.
The document is a tool for client self-determination. It allows the client to express their desire for life-sustaining care when they are incapacitated: This statement is true. Advanced directives empower clients to make decisions about their healthcare preferences, including the desire for life-sustaining measures, in the event they become unable to communicate their wishes.
The nurse may assume the client is dying, and he or she will not call a "Rapid Response" or "Code Blue" if the client's status deteriorates: This statement is incorrect. The nurse should always follow appropriate protocols and initiate necessary interventions regardless of the presence of advanced directives, especially if the client's condition deteriorates.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Follow only the instructions of the client's family:
This option does not acknowledge the client's autonomy. Autonomy means respecting the individual's right to make decisions about their own care, not decisions made solely by the family.
B) Know and understand the state's laws that address living wills:
Understanding laws related to living wills is essential. It ensures that the nurse respects the client's autonomous decisions regarding their healthcare preferences, as outlined in their living will.
C) Use the ethical principle of best interest when making decisions about the client's care needs:
Using the principle of best interest does not necessarily acknowledge the client's autonomy. Best interest often involves making decisions that are in the client's overall best interest, which might conflict with the client's autonomous choices.
D) Incorporate the ethical principle of paternalism into all client care activities:
Paternalism involves making decisions for the client based on what the healthcare professional believes is best. It does not respect the client's autonomy as it involves overriding the client's choices.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The hospital accepts full responsibility for the negligent act: While the hospital does have a shared responsibility for the safety of patients, individual healthcare professionals are accountable for their actions. Hospitals may face consequences as well, but individual practitioners are legally responsible for their own actions.
No legal action can be brought against the nurse: If a nurse makes a medication error, legal action can be taken. Healthcare professionals are accountable for their actions, and legal consequences can follow if negligence or malpractice occurs.
The nurse's legal responsibilities are met if an incident report is filed: Filing an incident report is an important step in addressing errors, but it does not absolve the nurse of legal responsibility. It is a tool used within healthcare institutions to improve patient safety and learn from mistakes, but it does not eliminate the legal consequences of an error.
The nurse is held to the same standard of care as any nurse with her education and experience: Nurses are held to a standard of care based on their education, experience, and the specific circumstances of the situation. If a nurse fails to meet this standard, they can be held legally responsible for their actions.
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