Which therapy replaces a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative response?
Systematic desensitization
Psychoanalysis
Aversive conditioning
Rational-emotive therapy
The Correct Answer is C
A. Systematic desensitization is a technique used in exposure therapy to gradually reduce anxiety by exposing the person to the feared stimulus in a controlled, step-by-step manner.
B. Psychoanalysis focuses on exploring unconscious processes and past experiences to uncover the root causes of symptoms but does not directly involve replacing responses to harmful stimuli.
C. Aversive conditioning involves pairing a harmful or undesirable stimulus with an unpleasant or negative response, often to reduce unwanted behaviors (e.g., using nausea-inducing substances to stop smoking).
D. Rational-emotive therapy (RET) focuses on changing irrational beliefs, but it does not involve pairing stimuli with negative responses.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Changes in brain chemistry, including imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, are associated with depression.
B. Faulty perceptions about the self are cognitive aspects but are not the primary cause according to neuroscience.
C. Suppressed aggressive drives relate to psychoanalytic theories, not neuroscience.
D. Learned responses align with behavioral theories but do not explain the neurochemical basis of depression.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The psychodynamic approach focuses on unconscious motives and early experiences rather than the fulfillment of potential.
B. The humanistic approach, particularly through theorists like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization, aiming to fulfill one's potential.
C. The social-cognitive approach focuses on the role of observational learning and cognitive processes in personality development, not directly on potential fulfillment.
D. The behavioral approach emphasizes observable behaviors and their environmental determinants, with less focus on individual potential or self-fulfillment.
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