While assessing a newborn with respiratory distress, the nurse auscultates a machine-like heart murmur. Other findings are a widened pulse pressure. pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy. The nurse suspects that the newborn has:
Kawasaki disease
Tricuspid Atresia
Tetralogy of Fallot
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
The Correct Answer is D
A. Kawasaki disease typically presents with fever, rash, and conjunctivitis, not a machine-like murmur or the other cardiovascular findings.
B. Tricuspid Atresia involves a defect in the tricuspid valve and presents with cyanosis and poor circulation, but not a machine-like murmur.
C. Tetralogy of Fallot involves a murmur due to pulmonary stenosis and VSD but would not produce a "machine-like" murmur, which is characteristic of PDA.
D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) results in a continuous "machine-like" murmur due to abnormal blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery, along with findings of pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Foreign body aspiration is characterized by sudden onset of coughing, choking, and wheezing, not crackles and rales.
B. Systemic congestion refers to peripheral edema and does not usually present with crackles in the lungs.
C. Pneumonia would present with localized crackles or rales over specific lung areas and often includes fever and cough, which are not mentioned here.
D. Pulmonary congestion is common in children with VSD, particularly when the left side of the heart cannot effectively pump blood, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs. Crackles and rales indicate this type of fluid buildup.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Place the patch on the right eye for several hours daily would not be effective for treating amblyopia. The goal of patching is to encourage the use of the weaker (lazy) eye, so the good eye (left) must be patched.
B. Place the patch on the left eye for several hours daily is the correct approach to treat amblyopia, as it forces the right (weaker) eye to work and improve visual acuity.
C. Place the patch on the right eye for one hour daily would not effectively treat the amblyopia in the left eye, as it focuses on the wrong eye.
D. Alternate the patch from the right to the left eye hourly is not typically done. Consistent patching of the stronger (left) eye is recommended.
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