Your patient in the Emergency Room reports having severe chest pain and you suspect a heart attack. Which of the following laboratory tests would be best to confirm your suspicions?

Troponin I & T

Myoglobin

BNP

CK-MB isoenzymes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   These are the most specific and sensitive markers for diagnosing a heart attack. They are released into the bloodstream when heart muscle is damaged.
B.   Myoglobin is an early marker of heart muscle damage, but it is less specific than troponin and can be elevated in other conditions.
C.   B-type natriuretic peptide is a hormone primarily used to diagnose heart failure, not acute myocardial infarction (heart attack).
D.   Creatine kinase-MB is an older marker for heart damage, but it is less specific than troponin and takes longer to rise in the blood.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypernatremia is a condition where the sodium level in the blood is abnormally high. This occurs in DI due to excessive water loss without adequate replacement. Seizures can be a serious complication of severe hypernatremia as it disrupts the normal function of the brain.
B. Hyponatremia is low sodium levels, which is opposite to what happens in DI.
C. Hyperkalemia is high potassium levels, unrelated to DI.
D. Fluid volume overload is also opposite to what happens in DI, as patients with DI lose excessive fluids.

A. Phantom limb pain B. Neuropathic pain C. Breakthrough pain D. Mixed pain

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Breakthrough pain is defined as a transient exacerbation of underlying persistent pain that occurs on a background of otherwise controlled pain. This is the most accurate description of the patient's experience: a sudden increase in pain despite taking regular opioid medication.
B. Phantom limb pain is pain felt in a limb that is no longer there. This does not apply to the patient's situation.
C. Neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the nerves. While it can be achy, the description of localized pain suggests a different type of pain.
D. Mixed pain is a combination of different types of pain. While possible, breakthrough pain is the most likely and specific diagnosis based on the given information.

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Your patient in the Emergency Room reports having severe chest pain and you suspect a heart attack. Which of the following laboratory tests would be best to confirm your suspicions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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