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RN NSG Adult Medico-Surgical 2023
ATI RN NSG Adult Medico-Surgical 2023
Total Questions : 47
Showing 10 questions Sign up for moreThe charge nurse on a hospital unit is leading a committee that must choose new paint colors for the nurse's station. The charge nurse elicits the opinions of all group members and then organizes a vote. The charge nurse's leadership style can be said to be:
Explanation
A. Scientific leadership involves making decisions based on data and evidence. This option doesn't fit the scenario described.
B. Laissez-faire leadership allows group members to make decisions without much interference from the leader. However, in this scenario, the charge nurse organizes a vote, indicating some
level of leadership involvement.
C. Democratic leadership involves seeking input from group members and making decisions through a process of discussion and voting, which aligns with the charge nurse's approach.
D. Autocratic leadership involves making decisions without input from others, which is not the case here where the charge nurse seeks input from the committee members.
A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications can cause glucose intolerance?
Explanation
A. Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels. It does not typically cause glucose intolerance.
B. Guaifenesin is an expectorant used to help loosen mucus in the airways. It does not typically cause glucose intolerance.
C. Ranitidine is a histamine-2 blocker used to reduce stomach acid production. It does not typically cause glucose intolerance.
D. Prednisone is a corticosteroid medication used to reduce inflammation. Corticosteroids like prednisone can cause glucose intolerance by increasing blood sugar levels.
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?
Explanation
A. Increased blood pressure is not typically associated with gastrointestinal perforation; rather, hypotension might occur due to shock.
B. Bradycardia is not typically associated with gastrointestinal perforation; instead, tachycardia might occur due to the body's response to pain and shock.
C. Hyperactive bowel sounds are associated with conditions like gastroenteritis but are not specific indicators of gastrointestinal perforation.
D. Sudden abdominal pain is a classic symptom of gastrointestinal perforation. It can be severe and may be accompanied by other signs of shock, such as tachycardia and hypotension.
A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client diagnosed with cirrhosis. The client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?
Explanation
A. Lactulose is commonly prescribed for clients with cirrhosis to reduce blood ammonia levels by promoting the excretion of ammonia in the stool. Elevated ammonia levels can lead to hepatic encephalopathy.
B. Lactulose does not directly affect glucose levels in the bloodstream. Its primary action is on ammonia.
C. Bicarbonate levels are not typically targeted by lactulose therapy in cirrhosis.
D. Lactulose does not affect potassium levels directly. Its main therapeutic action in cirrhosis is related to reducing ammonia levels.
A nurse is caring for a client following an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedure.
Which of the following assessments should be the nurse's priority assessment?
Explanation
A. Nausea is important to assess post-EGD, but it's not the priority over ensuring the client's level of consciousness is stable.
B. The level of consciousness is not a priority assessment during OGD.
C. Pain assessment is important, but it typically follows the assessment of the client's level of consciousness.
D. Assessing the gag reflex is important, especially if the client is at risk of aspiration.
A nurse working for a home health agency is teaching a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is appropriately controlling their glucose levels?
Explanation
A. A glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 10% indicates poor glucose control and is above the target range.
B. A glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 8.5% also indicates poor glucose control and is above the target range.
C. A glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 7.8% still indicates inadequate glucose control, although it may be closer to the target range.
D. A glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 6.3% indicates good glucose control and is within the target range for many individuals with diabetes, suggesting appropriate disease management.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a history of ulcerative colitis and a new diagnosis of anemia. Which of the following manifestations of colitis should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the development of the anemia?
Explanation
A. While dietary iron restrictions could contribute to iron deficiency anemia, chronic blood loss is a more direct consequence of ulcerative colitis.
B. Intestinal parasites could cause anemia through various mechanisms, but it's not directly related to ulcerative colitis unless the client has a co-infection.
C. Chronic blood loss is a common manifestation of ulcerative colitis due to inflammation and ulceration of the colon's mucosal lining. This chronic blood loss can lead to iron deficiency
anemia over time.
D. Intestinal malabsorption syndrome may occur in some cases of ulcerative colitis, but it's not typically the primary cause of anemia in these patients. Chronic blood loss is a more direct
mechanism.
A nurse is preparing a teaching session about reducing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Explanation
A. Sustaining hyperglycemia is not recommended. Instead, blood glucose levels should be controlled to prevent complications.
B. Smoking cessation is important in reducing the risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease, which is already increased in individuals with diabetes.
C. Maintaining optimal blood pressure is crucial for preventing kidney damage, which is a common complication of diabetes.
D. Reducing cholesterol and saturated fat intake helps in managing cardiovascular risk factors, which are elevated in individuals with diabetes.
E. Increasing physical activity and daily exercise helps in improving insulin sensitivity and managing blood glucose levels.
A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about managing their illness. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Explanation
A. Mint leaves may exacerbate GERD symptoms because mint can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back up into the esophagus.
B. Limiting fluid intake not related to meals is not a specific recommendation for managing GERD. However, avoiding large amounts of fluid right before bedtime may be helpful in
reducing nighttime reflux symptoms.
C. Black pepper is not specifically recommended for managing GERD. In some individuals, spicy foods like black pepper can exacerbate symptoms.
D. Avoiding eating within 3 hours of bedtime can help reduce GERD symptoms by allowing the stomach to empty before lying down, decreasing the likelihood of stomach acid refluxing into
the esophagus while lying down.
A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with diabetes about which dietary source should provide the greatest percentage of calories. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching?
Explanation
A. While fats are an essential part of the diet, they should not provide the majority of calories, especially in a diabetic diet.
B. While protein is important, it should not be the main source of calories in the diet for someone with diabetes.
C. Complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, should provide the majority of calories in a diabetic diet as they have a lesser impact on blood sugar levels compared to simple sugars.
D. Simple sugars should be limited in a diabetic diet as they can cause rapid spikes in blood sugar levels.
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