A 42-year-old male presents to the emergency department with continuous seizure activity. He has a history of seizures but has not been compliant with his medication. On examination, he is unresponsive and demonstrates ongoing generalized tonic-clonic movements. Vital signs reveal tachycardia and hypertension. What type of seizure is most likely occurring?
Absence seizure
Status epilepticus
Myoclonic seizure
Tonic-clonic seizure
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Absence seizures involve brief staring spells, not continuous tonic-clonic movements. The patient’s prolonged, unresponsive seizure activity indicates status epilepticus, so this is incorrect for the seizure type.
Choice B reason: Status epilepticus is continuous or recurrent seizures lasting over 5 minutes, often tonic-clonic, with unresponsiveness, tachycardia, and hypertension. This matches the patient’s presentation, making it the correct type.
Choice C reason: Myoclonic seizures cause brief muscle jerks, not prolonged tonic-clonic activity. Status epilepticus describes the continuous seizure state, so this is incorrect for the observed seizure.
Choice D reason: Tonic-clonic seizure is a single event, but continuous activity suggests status epilepticus. The prolonged duration and unresponsiveness point to status, so this is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall by forming plaques that weaken arterial layers, promoting aneurysm formation. This degenerative process destabilizes the wall, making it the correct effect in aneurysm development.
Choice B reason: Ischemia of the intima is not a primary atherosclerosis effect; plaques cause wall damage, not just intimal ischemia. Vessel wall erosion is more accurate for aneurysm formation, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Atherosclerosis narrows vessels but doesn’t primarily obstruct them in aneurysm formation. Wall erosion and weakening lead to dilation, not blockage, so this is incorrect for aneurysm development.
Choice D reason: Atherosclerosis reduces nitric oxide, impairing vasodilation, but this isn’t directly linked to aneurysms. Vessel wall erosion by plaques is the key mechanism, so this is incorrect for the effect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Absence seizures involve brief staring spells, not continuous tonic-clonic movements. The patient’s prolonged, unresponsive seizure activity indicates status epilepticus, so this is incorrect for the seizure type.
Choice B reason: Status epilepticus is continuous or recurrent seizures lasting over 5 minutes, often tonic-clonic, with unresponsiveness, tachycardia, and hypertension. This matches the patient’s presentation, making it the correct type.
Choice C reason: Myoclonic seizures cause brief muscle jerks, not prolonged tonic-clonic activity. Status epilepticus describes the continuous seizure state, so this is incorrect for the observed seizure.
Choice D reason: Tonic-clonic seizure is a single event, but continuous activity suggests status epilepticus. The prolonged duration and unresponsiveness point to status, so this is incorrect.
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