A 42-year-old male presents to the emergency department with continuous seizure activity. He has a history of seizures but has not been compliant with his medication. On examination, he is unresponsive and demonstrates ongoing generalized tonic-clonic movements. Vital signs reveal tachycardia and hypertension. What type of seizure is most likely occurring?
Absence seizure
Status epilepticus
Myoclonic seizure
Tonic-clonic seizure
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Absence seizures involve brief staring spells, not continuous tonic-clonic movements. The patient’s prolonged, unresponsive seizure activity indicates status epilepticus, so this is incorrect for the seizure type.
Choice B reason: Status epilepticus is continuous or recurrent seizures lasting over 5 minutes, often tonic-clonic, with unresponsiveness, tachycardia, and hypertension. This matches the patient’s presentation, making it the correct type.
Choice C reason: Myoclonic seizures cause brief muscle jerks, not prolonged tonic-clonic activity. Status epilepticus describes the continuous seizure state, so this is incorrect for the observed seizure.
Choice D reason: Tonic-clonic seizure is a single event, but continuous activity suggests status epilepticus. The prolonged duration and unresponsiveness point to status, so this is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dawn phenomenon involves morning hyperglycemia, not hunger, tachycardia, or confusion. Hypoglycemia from exercise causes these acute symptoms, so this is incorrect for the described episode in Type 1 diabetes.
Choice B reason: Hypoglycemia, often triggered by increased exercise, causes hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia, pallor, headache, and confusion due to low blood sugar. This matches the symptoms, making it the correct cause for the patient’s episode.
Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia causes thirst, urination, and fatigue, not tachycardia or confusion. Hypoglycemia from exercise aligns with the acute, neuroglycopenic symptoms described, so this is incorrect for the cause.
Choice D reason: Somogyi effect involves rebound hyperglycemia after nocturnal hypoglycemia, not acute symptoms like hunger and confusion. Exercise-induced hypoglycemia fits the immediate presentation, so this is incorrect for the cause.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hemorrhagic stroke often causes headache and severe neurological deficits, not just sudden weakness. Ischemic stroke, from a clot, fits Isky’s sudden focal symptoms, so this is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Ischemic stroke, caused by arterial occlusion, presents with sudden weakness, numbness, and speech issues, as seen in Isky. Her risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking) support this, making it correct.
Choice C reason: Transient ischemic attack resolves quickly, unlike Isky’s ongoing symptoms. Ischemic stroke causes persistent deficits, matching her presentation, so this is incorrect for the stroke type.
Choice D reason: Subarachnoid hemorrhage typically involves severe headache, not focal weakness. Ischemic stroke aligns with Isky’s sudden, unilateral symptoms, so this is incorrect for her condition.
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