A 45-year-old patient with a history of chronic alcohol use presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following findings would best support a diagnosis of acute gastritis?

Erosion of the gastric mucosa on endoscopy

Decreased serum amylase levels

Presence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in serum

Hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Erosion of the gastric mucosa on endoscopy is the hallmark of acute gastritis. Chronic alcohol use can irritate and inflame the stomach lining, leading to mucosal erosion, which is commonly seen during endoscopy in patients with this condition.
B.   Decreased serum amylase levels are not typically associated with acute gastritis. Amylase levels are more commonly elevated in cases of pancreatitis, not gastritis.
C.   The presence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in serum is more indicative of chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer disease rather than acute gastritis. H. pylori is a long-term cause of gastric inflammation.
D.   Hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid is more commonly associated with conditions such as Zollinger- Ellison syndrome and is not a typical finding in acute gastritis caused by alcohol use.

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Correct Answer is ["D","E"]

Explanation

A. Discoloration of the fingers is not typically associated with carpal tunnel syndrome, which mainly involves nerve compression.
B. Swelling of the entire hand is not a common finding in carpal tunnel syndrome, though localized swelling at the wrist may occur.
C. Pain in the forearm without hand involvement is not typical of carpal tunnel syndrome, which primarily affects the wrist and hand.
D. A positive Phalen's test is indicative of carpal tunnel syndrome, as it reproduces symptoms when the wrist is flexed.
E. A positive Tinel's sign, which involves tapping the median nerve at the wrist to elicit symptoms, is a classic test for carpal tunnel syndrome.
F. Pain relief with wrist extension is common in carpal tunnel syndrome, as extending the wrist relieves pressure on the median nerve.

A. Using a tartar and plaque-reducing mouthwash can decrease the incidence of caries. B. As of 2020, the 5-year survival rate of oral cancer remains low at less than 50%. C. Brushing and flossing your teeth decreases the incidence of cardiovascular disease. D. Untreated caries can contribute to tooth loss and negatively impact a client's quality of life.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Using mouthwash may reduce tartar and plaque, but it does not address the severe risks associated with tobacco use, such as oral cancer.
B. The 5-year survival rate for oral cancer is low, but it is not specifically tied to the year 2020 and should be emphasized in a broader context.
C. Brushing and flossing are essential for oral health, but they do not directly relate to cardiovascular disease prevention.
D. Tobacco use can significantly increase the risk of caries, tooth loss, and other oral health problems, negatively affecting the client's quality of life.

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A 45-year-old patient with a history of chronic alcohol use presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following findings would best support a diagnosis of acute gastritis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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