A client diagnosed with leukemia asks the nurse, "What causes the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells?" How should the nurse respond?
"The bone marrow produces an excessive number of platelets, leading to abnormal white blood cell formation."
"Leukemia occurs when the body's immune system attacks healthy white blood cells, causing an overproduction."
"Genetic mutations in the bone marrow cells lead to uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal white blood cells."
"An imbalance of red blood cells in the bone marrow triggers an excessive production of white blood cells."
The Correct Answer is C
A) This choice is incorrect because leukemia does not result from an overproduction of platelets. Leukemia involves an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells.
B) This choice is incorrect because leukemia is not caused by the body's immune system attacking healthy white blood cells. Instead, it involves the uncontrolled growth of abnormal white blood cells.
C) This choice is correct. Leukemia is characterized by genetic mutations in the bone marrow cells, particularly in the stem cells that produce white blood cells. These mutations lead to uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal white blood cells, interfering with the normal production of other blood cells.
D) This choice is incorrect because an imbalance of red blood cells would not trigger the overproduction of white blood cells. Leukemia is specifically a disorder of white blood cell proliferation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because increased platelet production would not lead to easy bruising and petechiae. It would, in fact, improve clotting abilities.
B) This choice is incorrect because overproduction of red blood cells would not directly cause easy bruising and petechiae. It may lead to symptoms like fatigue and pallor.
C) This choice is correct. Easy bruising and petechiae are common in leukemia due to a deficiency of platelets and impaired clotting factors in the blood. Leukemia can lead to decreased platelet production and clotting abnormalities, resulting in easy bleeding and bruising.
D) This choice is incorrect because a deficiency of white blood cells would not directly cause easy bruising and petechiae. It might lead to an increased risk of infections.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because a complete blood count (CBC) provides information about the number of blood cells, but it does not directly assess the bone marrow for leukemia.
B) This choice is correct. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy involve the collection of bone marrow samples from the sternum or hip bone. These samples are then analyzed to determine the presence of leukemia cells, assess cell morphology, and determine the type of leukemia.
C) This choice is incorrect because flow cytometry analysis is used to identify specific markers on the surface of cells and can aid in diagnosing and classifying leukemia. However, it is not the primary test used to assess the bone marrow directly.
D) This choice is incorrect because magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not commonly used to assess bone marrow in the diagnostic evaluation of leukemia.
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