A client with BPH is experiencing difficulty starting the urine stream and a weak urinary flow. The nurse should identify these symptoms as indicative of:

A. Stress urinary incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine due to activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing or sneezing. It is not related to the symptoms described in the question.

B. Overflow urinary incontinence is characterized by a constant dribbling of urine due to an overdistended bladder. It is typically seen in conditions that obstruct urine flow, such as BPH, but it does not present as difficulty starting the urine stream and a weak flow.

C. This is the correct answer. Difficulty starting the urine stream and a weak urinary flow are common symptoms of urinary retention, a condition in which the bladder does not fully empty during voiding due to an obstruction, such as an enlarged prostate in BPH.

D. Urge urinary incontinence is characterized by a sudden, strong urge to urinate, followed by involuntary urine loss. It is not related to the symptoms described in the question.

Questions

A. Radiation therapy is not a first-line treatment for BPH. It is primarily used for certain types of cancer treatment.

B. Hormone therapy may be used for advanced cases of BPH, but it is not typically the initial management.

C. This is the correct answer. Watchful waiting, also known as active surveillance, is often the initial management for mild to moderate BPH. It involves close monitoring of symptoms and the prostate's size without immediate intervention unless symptoms worsen or complications arise.

D. Invasive surgery is usually reserved for severe cases of BPH that do not respond to conservative management or when complications occur.